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(Reference retrieved automatically from Web of Science through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Trichophyton rubrum Elicits Phagocytic and Pro-inflammatory Responses in Human Monocytes Through Toll-Like Receptor 2

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Author(s):
Celestrino, Giovanna Azevedo [1] ; Carvalho Reis, Ana Paula [1] ; Criado, Paulo Ricardo [2] ; Benard, Gil [1] ; Teixeira Sousa, Maria Gloria [1]
Total Authors: 5
Affiliation:
[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo, Hosp Clin FMUSP, Lab Med Mycol LIM 53, Clin Dermatol Div, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil
[2] Ctr Univ Saude ABC, Santo Andre, SP - Brazil
Total Affiliations: 2
Document type: Journal article
Source: FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY; v. 10, NOV 21 2019.
Web of Science Citations: 0
Abstract

Dermatophytosis is a superficial fungal infection mostly restricted to keratinized tissues such as skin, hair, and nails but with potential to cause invasive or even systemic disease in immunocompromised patients. Trichophyton rubrum is the main etiologic agent, accounting for approximately 80% of the cases. Mononuclear phagocytes respond to pathogens through phagocytosis followed by production of several antimicrobial molecules, such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and failure in doing so may contribute to development of chronic fungal infections. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) located on the surface of phagocytic cells bind either directly to target particles or through opsonizing ligands and trigger an actin-mediated ingestion. Even though the mechanisms involved in TLR-mediated cytokine responses are well established, the contribution of TLR in the recognition of T. rubrum by adherent monocytes remains unclear. Here, we report that phagocytosis of T. rubrum conidia by adherent monocytes is mediated by TLR2. Blockade of TLR2 by neutralizing antibodies impaired the fungicidal activity of monocytes as well their secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, but neither nitric oxide (NO) production nor interleukin (IL)-10 secretion was disturbed. So far, our data suggest that TLR2 is required for efficient conidial phagocytosis, and the absence of TLR2 signaling in human monocytes may impair the subsequent inflammatory response. These findings expand our understanding of phagocyte modulation by this important fungal pathogen and may represent a potential target for interventions aiming at enhancing antifungal immune responses. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 17/26208-8 - Chronic disseminated dermatophytosis due to Trichophyton rubrum: role of neutrophils in the effector mechanisms and in the modulation of the adaptive response of the human infection
Grantee:Maria da Gloria Sousa Stafocker
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Young Researchers
FAPESP's process: 16/16369-1 - Chronic disseminated dermatophytosis due to Trichophyton rubrum: role of neutrophils in the effector mechanisms and in the modulation of the adaptive response of the human infection
Grantee:Maria da Gloria Sousa Stafocker
Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants
FAPESP's process: 18/24175-8 - In situ immune response in human disseminated chronic dermatophytosis: participation of c type lectin receptors
Grantee:Ana Paula Carvalho dos Reis
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
FAPESP's process: 18/16146-8 - Chronic disseminated dermatophytosis due to Trichophyton rubrum: role of neutrophils in the effector mechanisms and in the modulation of the adaptive response of the human infection
Grantee:Giovanna Azevedo Celestrino
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master