Clinical Translation of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy for Graft Versus Host Disease

Author(s)

Godoy, Juliana A. P. ^[1] ; Paiva, Raquel M. A. ^[1] ; Souza, Aline M. ^{[1, 2]} ; Kondo, Andrea T. ^[1] ; Kutner, Jose M. ^[1] ; Okamoto, Oswaldo K. ^{[3, 1]}

Affiliation

^[1] Hosp Israelite Albert Einstein, Dept Hemoterapia & Terapia Celular, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Grp Gestor Serv Hemoterapia GSH, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Genet & Biol Evolut, Ctr Pesquisa Genoma Humano & Celulas Tronco, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Review article
• Source: FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY; v. 7, NOV 21 2019.
• Web of Science Citations: 1

Abstract

Graft versus host disease (GVHD) is a common condition in patients subjected to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The immune cells derived from the grafted stem cells attack recipient's tissues, including those from the skin, liver, eyes, mouth, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, neuromuscular system, and genitourinary tract, may lead to severe morbidity and mortality. Acute GVHD can occur within few weeks after the allogeneic cells have engrafted in the recipient while chronic GVHD may occur any time after transplant, typically within months. Although treatable by systemic corticosteroid administration, effective responses are not achieved for a significant proportion of patients, a condition associated with poor prognosis. The use of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as an alternative to treat steroid-refractory GVHD had improved last decade, but the results are still controversial. Some studies have shown improvement in the life quality of patients after MSCs treatment, while others have found no significant benefits. In addition to variations in trial design, discrepancies in protocols for MSCs isolation, characterization, and ex vivo manipulation, account for inconsistent clinical results. In this review, we discuss the immunomodulatory properties supporting the therapeutic use of MSCs in GVHD and contextualize the main clinical findings of recent trials using these cells. Critical parameters for the clinical translation of MSCs, including consistent production of MSCs according to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs) and informative potency assays for product quality control (QC), are addressed. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/08028-1 - CEGH-CEL - Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center
• Grantee: Mayana Zatz
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers - RIDC