Cryptosporidium and Giardia in urban wastewater: A challenge to overcome

Author(s)

Razzolini, M. T. P. ^{[1, 2]} ; Breternitz, B. S. ^{[1, 2]} ; Kuchkarian, B. ^{[1, 2]} ; Bastos, V. K. ^{[1, 2]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Av Dr Arnaldo 715, 1 Andar, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] NARA Ctr Res Environm Risk Assessment, Av Dr Arnaldo 715, 1 Andar, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Environmental Pollution; v. 257, FEB 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

This study aimed to quantify Giardia and Cryptosporidium in disinfected water reuse samples from two Wastewater Treatment Plants (A and B), which were quantified by USEPA 1693/2014 Method. Giardia was found in 35.8% of the total samples (<0.03 to 16 cysts/L) while Cryptosporidium in 30.2% (<0.03 to 25.8 oocysts/L). This study highlights the presence of both parasites in water for reuse despite treatment processes for their removal, which means there is a challenge to overcome. Their presence is preoccupant even though in low concentrations because the infectivity dose is low coupled with high prevalence in the global population. The practice of water recycling is valuable for sustainable water management and it is in line with Sustainable Developments Goals but should not threaten human health. Tackling this issue is more critical in developing countries because treatment processes are often more limited, the monitoring data from water reuse are not always available, the lack of regulation for water reuse quality and the lack of planning for its sustainable usage. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 15/05882-7 - Investigation of the occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts, Giardia spp. cysts and Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in water reuse samples
• Grantee: Maria Tereza Pepe Razzolini
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants