Alkaline conditions better extract anti-inflammatory polysaccharides from winemaking by-products

Author(s)

Campestrini, Luciano Henrique ^[1] ; Rasera, Gabriela Boscariol ^{[2, 1]} ; de Camargo, Adriano Costa ^{[3, 1]} ; Franchin, Marcelo ^[4] ; Nani, Bruno Dias ^[4] ; Rosalen, Pedro Luiz ^[4] ; Canniatti-Brazaca, Solange Guidolin ^[1] ; Telles Biasoto, Aline Camarao ^[5] ; Shahidi, Fereidoon ^[3] ; Alencar, Severino Matias ^{[6, 1]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Luiz de Queiroz Coll Agr, Dept Agrifood Ind Food & Nutr, POB 9, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Estadual Campinas, Fac Food Engn, Dept Food Sci, BR-13083862 Campinas, SP - Brazil

^[3] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Biochem, St John, NF A1B 3X9 - Canada

^[4] Univ Estadual Campinas, Piracicaba Dent Sch, Dept Physiol Sci, CEP 13414-903, BR-13414903 Piracicaba, SP - Brazil

^[5] Embrapa Semiarido, Rodovia BR 428, Km 152, POB 23, BR-56302970 Piracicaba, PE - Brazil

^[6] Food & Nutr Res Ctr NAPAN, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Food Research International; v. 131, MAY 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Winemaking generates large amounts of by-products, a well recognized source of phenolic compounds. However, less attention has been paid to the polysaccharide-rich fraction (PRF) and effects of fractionation techniques on its potential bioactivity. Therefore, PRFs from Syrah and Tempranillo winemaking by-products were extracted under aqueous (neutral pH conditions), acidic and alkaline conditions. PRFs were screened for their monosaccharide composition, uronic acid content, homogeneity and molecular weight. Anti-inflammatory activity of PRFs were evaluated on stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. PRF obtained in water and/or under acidic conditions showed heterogeneous profiles. As like as in the others, a heterogeneous and complex profile was detected in extracts procured under alkaline conditions. A high content of uronic acid was found in aqueous extracts, thus indicating the presence of pectin. Pectin and hemicellulose were present in PRFs procured under acidic conditions. Alkaline conditions rendered extracts containing a complex mixture of monosaccharides, mainly xylose. This latter PRF was the only one exhibiting anti-inflammatory potential (at 100 mu g/mL) by reducing the release of TNF-alpha and activation of NF-kappa B in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages, with no effect on cell viability. Regardless of the grape variety, PRFs obtained under alkaline conditions were the best option to obtain bioactive polysaccharides with potential application as a source of anti-inflammatory compounds. A complex mixture of polymers may be responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, according to results procured by NMR, it is possible to suggest that bioactive fractions are composed of a chain of alpha-L-Araf-(1 -> 3) linked, beta-D-Xylp- (1 -> 4), alpha-D-Glcp-(1 -> 4) linked, alpha-D-GalpA-(1 -> 4), alpha-D-Gal-(1 -> 2) forming possible RG I and RG II and xylan chains. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 17/09898-0 - Bioprospection of novel anti-inflammatory molecules from natural Brazilian native products
• Grantee: Pedro Luiz Rosalen
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 14/11150-6 - PHENOLIC COMPOSITION, PECTIC FRACTION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE A NEW GROWING TOMATO VFNT CHERRY NATURALLY ENRICHED OF ANTHOCYANINS
• Grantee: Luciano Henrique Campestrini
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 12/17683-0 - GAMMA RADIATION AS A TOOL FOR AGRO-INDUSTRIAL WASTES MICROBIOLOGICAL SAFETY AND ITS EFFECT ON THE ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES EVALUATED BY IN VITRO TESTS AND MODEL SYSTEMS
• Grantee: Adriano Costa de Camargo
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate