Biased-corrected richness estimates for the Amazonian tree flora

Author(s):Show less -

ter Steege, Hans ^{[1, 2]} ; Prado, Paulo I. ^[3] ; de Lima, Renato A. F. ^{[3, 1]} ; Pos, Edwin ^[4] ; Coelho, Luiz de Souza ^[5] ; Lima Filho, Diogenes de Andrade ^[5] ; Salomao, Rafael P. ^{[6, 7]} ; Amaral, Ieda Leao ^[5] ; de Almeida Matos, Francisca Dionizia ^[5] ; Castilho, Carolina V. ^[8] ; Phillips, Oliver L. ^[9] ; Guevara, Juan Ernesto ^{[10, 11]} ; Veiga Carim, Marcelo de Jesus ^[12] ; Lopez, Dairon Cardenas ^[13] ; Magnusson, William E. ^[14] ; Wittmann, Florian ^{[15, 16]} ; Martins, Maria Pires ^[5] ; Sabatier, Daniel ^[17] ; Irume, Mariana Victoria ^[5] ; da Silva Guimaraes, Jose Renan ^[12] ; Molino, Jean-Francois ^[17] ; Banki, Olaf S. ^[1] ; Fernandez Piedade, Maria Teresa ^[18] ; Pitman, Nigel C. A. ^[19] ; Ramos, Jose Ferreira ^[5] ; Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo ^[20] ; Venticinque, Eduardo Martins ^[21] ; Luize, Bruno Garcia ^[22] ; Vargas, Percy Nunez ^[23] ; Freire Silva, Thiago Sanna ^[24] ; Moraes de Leao Novo, Evlyn Marcia ^[25] ; Costa Reis, Neidiane Farias ^[26] ; Terborgh, John ^{[27, 28, 29, 30]} ; Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto ^[31] ; Casula, Katia Regina ^[26] ; Honorio Coronado, Euridice N. ^{[9, 32]} ; Montero, Juan Carlos ^{[5, 33]} ; Duque, Alvaro ^{[3, 34]} ; Costa, Flavia R. C. ^[5] ; Arboleda, Nicolas Castano ^[13] ; Schoengart, Jochen ^[18] ; Zartman, Charles Eugene ^[5] ; Killeen, Timothy J. ^[35] ; Marimon, Beatriz S. ^[36] ; Marimon-Junior, Ben Hur ^[36] ; Vasquez, Rodolfo ^[20] ; Mostacedo, Bonifacio ^[37] ; Demarchi, Layon O. ^[18] ; Feldpausch, Ted R. ^{[9, 38]} ; Engel, Julien ^{[17, 39]} ; Petronelli, Pascal ^[40] ; Baraloto, Chris ^[39] ; Assis, Rafael L. ^[41] ; Castellanos, Hernan ^[42] ; Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni ^[43] ; de Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante ^[43] ; Quaresma, Adriano ^[18] ; Laurance, Susan G. W. ^{[29, 30]} ; Rincon, Lorena M. ^[5] ; Andrade, Ana ^[44] ; Sousa, Thaiane R. ^[5] ; Camargo, Jose Luis ^[44] ; Schietti, Juliana ^[5] ; Laurance, William F. ^{[29, 30]} ; de Queiroz, Helder Lima ^[45] ; Mendonca Nascimento, Henrique Eduardo ^[5] ; Lopes, Maria Aparecida ^[46] ; Farias, Emanuelle de Sousa ^{[47, 48]} ; Lima Magalhaes, Jose Leonardo ^{[49, 50]} ; Brienen, Roel ^[9] ; Aymard, Gerardo A. C. ^{[9, 4]} ; Cardenas Revilla, Juan David ^[5] ; Guimaraes Vieira, Ima Celia ^[6] ; Ladvocat Cintra, Bruno Barcante ^[51] ; Stevenson, Pablo R. ^[52] ; Feitosa, Yuri Oliveira ^[53] ; Duivenvoorden, Joost F. ^[54] ; Mogollon, Hugo F. ; Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro ; Ferreira, Leandro Valle ^[6] ; Lozada, Jose Rafael ; Comiskey, James A. ; de Toledo, Jose Julio ; Damasco, Gabriel ; Davila, Nallarett ; Lopes, Aline ^[18] ; Garcia-Villacorta, Roosevelt ; Draper, Freddie ^[39] ; Vicentini, Alberto ^[14] ; Valverde, Fernando Cornejo ; Lloyd, Jon ; Gomes, Vitor H. F. ; Neill, David ; Alonso, Alfonso ; Dallmeier, Francisco ; de Souza, Fernanda Coelho ^{[9, 14]} ; Gribel, Rogerio ^[5] ; Arroyo, Luzmila ; Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes ^[14] ; Portela de Aguiar, Daniel Praia ^[18] ; do Amaral, Dario Dantas ^[6] ; Pansonato, Marcelo Petratti ^{[5, 3]} ; Feeley, Kenneth J. ; Berenguer, Erika ; Fine, Paul V. A. ; Guedes, Marcelino Carneiro ; Barlow, Jos ; Ferreira, Joice ^[50] ; Villa, Boris ; Penuela Mora, Maria Cristina ; Jimenez, Eliana M. ; Licona, Juan Carlos ^[33] ; Ceron, Carlos ; Thomas, Raquel ; Maas, Paul ^[1] ; Silveira, Marcos ; Henkel, Terry W. ; Stropp, Juliana ; Paredes, Marcos Rios ; Dexter, Kyle G. ; Daly, Doug ; Baker, Tim R. ^[9] ; Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau ^[23] ; Milliken, William ; Pennington, Toby ^[38] ; Tello, J. Sebastian ; Marcelo Pena, Jose Luis ; Peres, Carlos A. ; Klitgaard, Bente ; Fuentes, Alfredo ; Silman, Miles R. ; Di Fiore, Anthony ; von Hildebrand, Patricio ; Chave, Jerome ; van Andel, Tinde R. ^[1] ; Hilario, Renato Richard ; Phillips, Juan Fernando ; Rivas-Torres, Gonzalo ; Noronha, Janaina Costa ; Prieto, Adriana ; Gonzales, Therany ; de Sa Carpanedo, Rainiellene ; Gallardo Gonzales, George Pepe ; Gomez, Ricardo Zarate ; Rodrigues, Domingos de Jesus ; Zent, Eglee L. ; Ruschel, Ademir R. ^[50] ; Vos, Vincent Antoine ; Fonty, Emile ^[17] ; Junqueira, Andre Braga ; Davila Doza, Hilda Paulette ; Hoffman, Bruce ; Zent, Stanford ; Barbosa, Edelcilio Marques ^[5] ; Malhi, Yadvinder ; de Matos Bonates, Luiz Carlos ^[5] ; de Andrade Miranda, Ires Paula ^[5] ; Silva, Natalino ; Barbosa, Flavia Rodrigues ; Vela, Cesar I. A. ; Mozombite Pinto, Linder Felipe ; Rudas, Agustin ; Albuquerque, Bianca Weiss ^[18] ; Umana, Maria Natalia ; Carrero Marquez, Yrma Andreina ; van der Heijden, Geertje ; Young, Kenneth R. ; Tirado, Milton ; Correa, Diego F. ^{[52, 19]} ; Sierra, Rodrigo ; Pedrosa Costa, Janaina Barbosa ; Rocha, Maira ^[18] ; Torre, Emilio Vilanova ; Wang, Ophelia ; Oliveira, Alexandre A. ^[3] ; Kalamandeen, Michelle ^[9] ; Vriesendorp, Corine ^[19] ; Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma ; Holmgren, Milena ; Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade ; Galbraith, David ^[9] ; Flores, Bernardo Monteiro ; Scudeller, Veridiana Vizoni ; Cano, Angela ^[52] ; Ahuite Reategui, Manuel Augusto ; Mesones, Italo ; Baider, Claudia ^[3] ; Mendoza, Casimiro ; Zagt, Roderick ; Urrego Giraldo, Ligia Estela ^[34] ; Ferreira, Cid ^[5] ; Villarroel, Daniel ; Linares-Palomino, Reynaldo ; Farfan-Rios, William ^[23] ; Casas, Luisa Fernanda ^[52] ; Cardenas, Sasha ^[52] ; Balslev, Henrik ; Torres-Lezama, Armando ; Alexiades, Miguel N. ; Garcia-Cabrera, Karina ; Gamarra, Luis Valenzuela ^[20] ; Valderrama Sandoval, Elvis H. ; Arevalo, Freddy Ramirez ; Hernandez, Lionel ^[42] ; Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe ^[26] ; Pansini, Susamar ^[26] ; Cuenca, Walter Palacios ; de Oliveira, Edmar Almeida ^[36] ; Pauletto, Daniela ; Levesley, Aurora ^[9] ; Melgaco, Karina ^[9] ; Pickavance, Georgia ^[9]

Affiliation:Show less -

^[1] Nat Biodivers Ctr, POB 9517, NL-2300 RA Leiden - Netherlands

^[2] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Syst Ecol, Boelelaan 1087, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam - Netherlands

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, USP, Dept Ecol, Inst Biociencias, Rua Matao, Trav 14, 321, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[4] Univ Utrecht, Ecol & Biodivers Grp, Padualaan 8, NL-3584 CH Utrecht - Netherlands

^[5] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Amazonia INPA, Coordenacao Biodiversidade, Av Andre Araujo 2936, BR-69067375 Manaus, AM - Brazil

^[6] Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Coordenacao Bot, Av Magalhaes Barata 376, CP 399, BR-66040170 Belem, PA - Brazil

^[7] Univ Fed Rural Amazonia, CAPES, Programa Prof Visitante Nacl Senior Amazonia, Av Perimetral S-N, Belem, PA - Brazil

^[8] EMBRAPA Ctr Pesquisa Agroflorestal Roraima, BR 174, Km 8 Dist Ind, BR-69031970 Boa Vista, RR - Brazil

^[9] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire - England

^[10] Univ Amer, Grp Invest Biodiversidad Medio Ambiente & Salud B, Campus Queri, Quito - Ecuador

^[11] Field Museum, Keller Sci Act Ctr, 1400 S Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, IL 60605 - USA

^[12] Inst Pesquisas Cient & Tecnol Amapa IEPA, Dept Bot, Rodovia JK, Km 10, Campus IEPA Fazendinha, BR-68901025 Amapa - Brazil

^[13] Inst SINCHI, Herbario Amazon Colombiano, Calle 20 5-44, Bogota, DC - Colombia

^[14] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Amazonia INPA, Coordenacao Pesquisas Ecol, Av Andre Araujo 2936, BR-69067375 Manaus, AM - Brazil

^[15] Karlsruhe Inst Technol KIT, Inst Geog & Geoecol, Dep Wetland Ecol, Josefstr 1, D-76437 Rastatt - Germany

^[16] Max Planck Inst Chem, Biogeochem, Hahn Meitner Weg 1, D-55128 Mainz - Germany

^[17] Univ Montpellier, INRA, CNRS, AMAP, IRD, Cirad, F-34398 Montpellier - France

^[18] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Amazonia INPA, Coordenacao Dinam Ambiental, Av Andre Araujo 2936, BR-69067375 Manaus, AM - Brazil

^[19] Field Museum, Sci & Educ, 1400 S Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, IL 60605 - USA

^[20] Jardin Bot Missouri, Oxapampa, Pasco - Peru

^[21] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Ecol, Ctr Biociencias, Av Senador Salgado Filho, BR-59072970 Natal, RN - Brazil

^[22] Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Inst Biociencias IB, Dept Ecol, Av 24A, 1515, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP - Brazil

^[23] Univ Nacl San Antonio Abad Cusco, Herbario Vargas, Ave Cultura, Nro 733, Cuzco, Cuzco - Peru

^[24] Univ Stirling, Biol & Environm Sci, Stirling FK9 4LA - Scotland

^[25] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais INPE, Div Sensoriamento Remoto DSR, Av Astronautas 1758, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP - Brazil

^[26] Univ Fed Rondonia, Programa Posgrad Biodiversiade & Biotecnol PPG Bi, Campus Porto Velho Km 9, 5 Bairro Rural, BR-76824027 Porto Velho, RO - Brazil

^[27] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 - USA

^[28] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 - USA

^[29] James Cook Univ, Ctr Trop Environm & Sustainabil Sci, Cairns, Qld 4870 - Australia

^[30] James Cook Univ, Coll Sci & Engn, Cairns, Qld 4870 - Australia

^[31] Univ Fed Rondonia, Dept Biol, Rodovia BR 364 S-N Km 9, 5 Sentido Acre, BR-76824027 Porto Velho, RO - Brazil

^[32] Inst Invest Amazonia Peruana IIAP, Av A Quinones Km 2, 5, BR-784 Iquitos, Loreto - Peru

^[33] Inst Boliviano Invest Forestal, Av 6 Agosto 28, Km 14, Doble Via Guardia, Santa Cruz - Bolivia

^[34] Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Ciencias Forestales, Calle 64 X Cra 65, Medellin 1027, Antioquia - Colombia

^[35] Agteca Amazon, Santa Cruz - Bolivia

^[36] Univ Estado Mato Grosso, Programa Posgrad Ecol & Conservacao, Nova Xavantina, MT - Brazil

^[37] Univ Autonoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Fac Ciencias Agr, Santa Cruz - Bolivia

^[38] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Geog, Rennes Dr, Exeter EX4 4RJ, Devon - England

^[39] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Int Ctr Trop Bot ICTB, 11200 SW 8th St, OE 243, Miami, FL 33199 - USA

^[40] Univ Guyane, Cirad UMR Ecofog, AgrosParisTech, CNRS, INRA, Campus Agron, F-97379 Kourou - France

^[41] Univ Oslo, Nat Hist Mueum, Postboks 1172, N-0318 Oslo - Norway

^[42] Univ Nacl Expt Guayana, Ctr Invest Ecol Guayana, Calle Chile, Puerto Ordaz, Bolivar - Venezuela

^[43] Embrapa Recursos Genet & Biotecnol, Predio Bot & Ecol, Parque Estacao Biol, Av W5 Norte, BR-70770917 Brasilia, DF - Brazil

^[44] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Amazonia INPA, Projeto Dinam Biol Fragmentos Florestais, Av Andre Araujo 2936, BR-69067375 Manaus, AM - Brazil

^[45] Inst Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Mamiraua, Diretoria Tecn Cient, Estr Bexiga 2584, BR-69470000 Tefe, AM - Brazil

^[46] Univ Fed Para, Inst Ciencias Biol, Av Augusto Correa 01, BR-66075110 Belem, PA - Brazil

^[47] Fiocruz MS, Inst Leonidas & Maria Deane, Lab Ecol Doencas Transmissiveis Amazonia EDTA, Rua Terezina 476, BR-69060001 Manaus, AM - Brazil

^[48] Fiocruz MS, Inst Oswaldo Cruz IOC, Programa Posgrad Biodiversidade & Saude, Pav Arthur Neiva Terreo, Av Brasil 4365 Manguinhos, BR-21040360 Rio De Janeiro, RJ - Brazil

^[49] Univ Fed Para, Programa Posgrad Ecol, Av Augusto Correa 01, BR-66075110 Belem, PA - Brazil

^[50] Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, Trav Dr Eneas Pinheiro S-N, BR-66095100 Belem, PA - Brazil

^[51] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Bot, Inst Biociencias, Rua Matao 277, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[52] Univ Los Andes, Lab Ecol Bosques Trop & Primatol, Carrera 1 18A-10, Bogota 111711, DC - Colombia

^[53] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Amazonia INPA, Programa Posgrad Biol Bot, Av Andre Araujo 2936, BR-69067375 Manaus, AM - Brazil

^[54] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam - Netherlands

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS; v. 10, n. 1 JUN 23 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 6

Abstract

Amazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, but the estimated species richness is very much debated. Here, we apply an ensemble of parametric estimators and a novel technique that includes conspecific spatial aggregation to an extended database of forest plots with up-to-date taxonomy. We show that the species abundance distribution of Amazonia is best approximated by a logseries with aggregated individuals, where aggregation increases with rarity. By averaging several methods to estimate total richness, we confirm that over 15,000 tree species are expected to occur in Amazonia. We also show that using ten times the number of plots would result in an increase to just similar to 50% of those 15,000 estimated species. To get a more complete sample of all tree species, rigorous field campaigns may be needed but the number of trees in Amazonia will remain an estimate for years to come. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/25086-3 - Exploring the risk of savanna expansion in Tropical South America under climate change
• Grantee: Bernardo Monteiro Flores
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral