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(Reference retrieved automatically from Web of Science through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Ionospheric disturbances in a large area of the terrestrial globe by two strong solar flares of September 6, 2017, the strongest space weather events in the last decade

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Author(s):
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Fagundes, P. R. [1] ; Pezzopane, M. [2] ; Habarulema, J. B. [3, 4] ; Venkatesh, K. [5] ; Dias, M. A. L. [1, 6] ; Tardelli, A. [1] ; de Abreu, A. J. [7, 8] ; Pillat, V. G. [1] ; Pignalberi, A. [2] ; Bolzan, M. J. A. [9] ; Ribeiro, B. A. G. [1] ; Vieira, F. [1, 6] ; Raulin, J. P. [10] ; Denardini, C. M. [6] ; Arcanjo, M. O. [1] ; Seemala, G. K. [11]
Total Authors: 16
Affiliation:
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[1] Univ Vale Paraiba UNIVAP, Lab Fis & Astron, Ave Shishima Hifumi 2911, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP - Brazil
[2] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Via Vigna Murata 605, I-00143 Rome - Italy
[3] South African Natl Space Agcy, Space Sci, Hermanus - South Africa
[4] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, Makhanda - South Africa
[5] Natl Atmospher Res Lab NARL, Gadanki - India
[6] Observ Fisis Espacial, Inst Fed Tocantins IFTO, Sao Jose Dos Campos, TO - Brazil
[7] Inst Tecnol Aeronaut, Div Ciencias Fundamentais, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP - Brazil
[8] Natl Inst Space Res, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos - Brazil
[9] Univ Fed Jatai UFG, Dept Fis, Jatai, Go - Brazil
[10] Univ Presbiteriana Mackenzie, CRAAM, BR-01302907 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil
[11] Indian Inst Geomagnetism, New Panvel, Navi Mumbai - India
Total Affiliations: 11
Document type: Journal article
Source: Advances in Space Research; v. 66, n. 7, p. 1775-1791, OCT 1 2020.
Web of Science Citations: 0
Abstract

On September 6, 2017, the solar active region AR 2673 emitted two solar flares: the first at 08:57 UT (X2.2) and the second at 11:53 UT (X9.3); both were powerful enough to black-out high and low frequency radio waves (where UT is universal time). The X9.3 was the strongest solar flare event in the past decade. In this study, we took the advantage of these two extreme flare events to investigate corresponding effects on the ionosphere using multi-instrument observations from magnetometers, Global Positioning System - Total Electron content (GPS-TEC) receivers, ionosondes and Swarm satellites over a large geographical extent covering South American, African and European sectors. During the X2.2 flare, European and African sectors were sunlit and during X9.3 European, African, and South American sectors were sunlit and exposed to the solar flare radiation. During the X2.2 flare, there was an ionosonde blackout for a duration of about 45 min, while during the X9.3 flare this blackout lasted for 1 h and 30 min. The blackout are seen over a large global extent which demonstrates the severity of solar flare events in disrupting the radio communication. The horizontal component of Earth's geomagnetic field has shown ripples and enhancements during these flare events. The ionospheric Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) showed a positive phase along with an intensification of the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) over the South American and African sectors. The dynamical and physical processes associated with the TEC and EIA variabilities due to solar flare are discussed. (c) 2020 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 19/09361-2 - STUDY OF THE IONOSPHERE VARIABILITY IN THE EQUATORIAL REGION, LOW AND MID LATITUDES AS FUNCTION OF LONGITUDE, USING EXPERIMENTAL DATA IN THE BRAZILIAN AND AFRICAN SECTORS
Grantee:Paulo Roberto Fagundes
Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants