Diaphragmatic ultrasound: a review of its methodological aspects and clinical uses

Author(s)

Pauliane Vieira Santana ; Leticia Zumpano Cardenas ; André Luis Pereira de Albuquerque ; Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de Carvalho ^[4] ; Pedro Caruso

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia; v. 46, n. 6 2020-11-20.

Abstract

ABSTRACT The diaphragm is the main muscle of respiration, acting continuously and uninterruptedly to sustain the task of breathing. Diaphragmatic dysfunction can occur secondary to numerous pathological conditions and is usually underdiagnosed in clinical practice because of its nonspecific presentation. Although several techniques have been used in evaluating diaphragmatic function, the diagnosis of diaphragmatic dysfunction is still problematic. Diaphragmatic ultrasound has gained importance because of its many advantages, including the fact that it is noninvasive, does not expose patients to radiation, is widely available, provides immediate results, is highly accurate, and is repeatable at the bedside. Various authors have described ultrasound techniques to assess diaphragmatic excursion and diaphragm thickening in the zone of apposition. Recent studies have proposed standardization of the methods. This article reviews the usefulness of ultrasound for the evaluation of diaphragmatic function, addressing the details of the technique, the main findings, and the clinical applications. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/18404-8 - Evaluation of ins and expiratory muscles in respiratory diseases
• Grantee: Pauliane Vieira Santana
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)