Nitrogen Fertilization Management with Blends of Controlled-Release and Conventional Urea Affects Common Bean Growth and Yield during Mild Winters in Brazil

Author(s)

Garcia, Pedro Lopes ^[1] ; Sermarini, Renata Alcarde ^[2] ; Trivelin, Paulo Cesar Ocheuze ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Ctr Nucl Energy Agr CENA, Stable Isotopes Lab, BR-13416000 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Luiz de Queiroz Coll Agr ESALQ, Exact Sci Dept, BR-13418900 Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: AGRONOMY-BASEL; v. 10, n. 12 DEC 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) requires nitrogen (N) during its vegetative and reproductive stages. A single application of a blend of polymer-sulfur coated urea (PSCU) and conventional urea (U) treated with NBPT (N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide) can meet that demand. Broadcast application could improve yield than other N management practices. This research evaluated two blends (70%PSCU + 30%U and 30%PSCU + 70%U) and three N fertilization managements (incorporated, broadcast, and split application) on soil ammonia volatilization (AV) and N mineral content (NM); plant N uptake (NU) and N-15 recovery from U (NUR); and yield (GY). Irrigated field experiments were conducted in 2018 and 2019 in Rhodic Eutrustox soil. The N application rate was 90 kg ha(-1). AV reached 12% (30%PSCU + 70%U, broadcast application) and 14% of the applied N (split application at the third trifoliate leaf unfolded stage (V4)). The incorporated application resulted in higher NM in the vegetative and reproductive stages than the other management practices. Broadcast application resulted in higher NU than split application at physiological maturity. Split application resulted in higher NUR (grain) and GY than broadcast application. There was a positive correlation between NUR (grain) and GY in all N fertilization management treatments. The NUR values reached 48% (30%PSCU + 70%U) and 18% (70%PSCU + 30%U). Split N application using these blends can improve NUR in grain and GY compared to broadcast application in Rhodic Eutrustox soil. This information can help farmers improve the fertilization management practices used with these blends, and thereby avoid economic losses and environmental pollution. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 17/25813-5 - Nitrogen (15N) use efficiency for fertilization managements of maize and common bean using mixtures of polymer sulfur coated urea and conventional urea
• Grantee: Pedro Lopes Garcia
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 17/24516-7 - Special nitrogen fertilization managements in sugarcane, corn and common bean crops aiming to increase N use efficiency (NUE) and agricultural yield
• Grantee: Paulo Cesar Ocheuze Trivelin
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants