Nitrogen use efficiency and recovery in a wheat-corn rotation under tropical savannah conditions

Author(s):Show less -

Galindo, Fernando Shintate ^[1] ; da Silva, Edson Cabral ^[2] ; Pagliari, Paulo Humberto ^{[3, 4]} ; Fernandes, Guilherme Carlos ^[1] ; Rodrigues, Willian Lima ^[1] ; Campos Biagini, Antonio Leonardo ^[1] ; Baratella, Eduardo Bianchi ^[1] ; da Silva Junior, Castro Alves ^[1] ; Moretti Neto, Mario Joao ^[1] ; Muraoka, Takashi ^{[3, 4]} ; Minhoto Teixeira Filho, Marcelo Carvalho ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Coll Engn, Dept Plant Hlth Rural Engn & Soils, Ave Brasil 56, BR-15385000 Ilha Solteira, SP - Brazil

^[2] Goiano Fed Inst, Rio Verde Campus, BR-75901970 Rio Verde, Go - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Ctr Nucl Energy Agr, BR-13416000 Piracicaba, SP - Brazil

^[4] Univ Minnesota, Southwest Res & Outreach Ctr, Dept Soil Water & Climate, Lamberton, MN 56152 - USA

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: NUTRIENT CYCLING IN AGROECOSYSTEMS; v. 119, n. 3 JAN 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Stable isotopes (e.g., N-15) can be used to develop best practices for fertilizer management in cereal crops under tropical conditions. The objectives of this study were to determine the N contribution from fertilizer and soil to wheat and corn grown in rotation and the residual N contribution from fertilizer applied to wheat and carried over to corn under Brazilian savannah conditions. This study was established in a no-till system on Rhodic Haplustox soil in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The N treatments applied to the wheat crops were 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 160 kg (urea-N-15) ha(-1). The residual effects of N on the succeeding corn crop were evaluated. During the corn phase, two additional treatments were included: a control (0 N) and a treatment with 160 kg N ha(-1). Regression analysis showed that the highest estimated wheat yield (5415 kg ha(-1)) was observed with the application of 114 kg N ha(-1). Significant effects from the residual N were observed in the corn shoot biomass and straw N uptake. On average, the recovery rate of the urea N fertilizer was 34% for wheat, and the residual urea N fertilizer use in corn (when applied to wheat) was less than 5% of the amount initially applied. The effect of the residual N was not enough to meet the N demands of the succeeding corn crop. The results of this study provide producers and the scientific community with good estimates of nitrogen use efficiency for wheat and corn. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 18/08485-7 - Nitrogen management in cowpea bean, wheat and corn: effects on plant nutrition, grain yield, and nitrogen use efficiency
• Grantee: Fernando Shintate Galindo
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate