Rumen bacterial diversity in relation to nitrogen retention in beef cattle

Author(s)

Gomes Carvalho Alves, Kenia Larissa ^[1] ; Granja-Salcedo, Yury Tatiana ^{[1, 2]} ; Messana, Juliana Duarte ^[1] ; de Souza, Vinicius Carneiro ^{[1, 3]} ; Generoso Ganga, Maria Julia ^[1] ; Detogni Colovate, Paulo Henrique ^[1] ; Kishi, Luciano Takeshi ^{[4, 5]} ; Berchielli, Telma Teresinha ^{[1, 6]}

Affiliation

^[1] Sao Paulo State Univ, UNESP, Sch Agr & Veterinarian Sci, Dept Anim Sci, Jaboticabal, SP - Brazil

^[2] Corp Colombiana Invest Agr, AGROSAVIA, CI El Nus, San Roque, Antioquia - Colombia

^[3] Virginia Tech, Dept Dairy Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 - USA

^[4] Natl Lab Sci Comp, Petropolis, RJ - Brazil

^[5] Sao Paulo State Univ, UNESP, Sch Agr & Veterinarian Sci, Dept Technol, Jaboticabal, SP - Brazil

^[6] Univ Fed Vicosa, INCT CA, Dept Anim Sci, Vicosa, MG - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Anaerobe; v. 67, FEB 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 1

Abstract

This study aimed to characterize the rumen bacterial diversity of beef steers differing in the efficiency of nitrogen retention (ENR). Eight castrated steers and fitted with ruminal silicone - and duodenal T-type cannulas were used in a cross-over design with three consecutive periods and three diets. During each experimental period, nitrogen balance was measured, and based on the efficiency of N utilization data, steers were split into three ENR groups: high (HNR, 56.6% +/- 3.3%, n = 10), medium (MNR, 45.8% +/- 2.2%, n = 6), and low (LNR, 37.7% +/- 1.9%, n = 8) using the NbClust package version 2.0.4 in R. Prevotellaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Leuconostocaceae, Clostridiales\_Incertae\_Sedis\_XIII, Lachnospiraceae, and Peptostreptococcaceae were more abundant in LNR (P < 0.05) compared to HNR or MNR. Negative correlations were found between N retention and Mogibacterium, Anaerofustis, Butyrivibrio, Coprococcus, Hespellia, Lactonifactor and Lachnospiraceae (r <= -0.61; P <= 0.05). Prevotella, Hespellia, Lactonifactor, Lachnospiraceae\_other, and Anaerobiospirillum were positively correlated between urinary N excretion (r > 0.55; P < 0.01), and negative correlations were found with Elusimicrobia, Victivallis and Treponema (r < -0.41; P < 0.05). The adjustment of the rumen bacterial community differed significantly between the N use retention groups. The high N retention in beef cattle was associated with less abundant bacteria in the rumen; however, N fixation capacity and uncharacterized rumen microorganisms need to be elucidated in future studies. In contrast, lower N utilization was associated with high abundance of bacteria that promote greater urinary N excretion through ruminal protein degradation. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/16796-7 - Effect of different levels and sources of nitrogen on protein metabolism and urea kinetics in Nellore cattle in feedlot
• Grantee: Vinícius Carneiro de Souza
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 17/02034-0 - Degradation and in situ ruminal microbial dynamics of different sources of protein for beef cattle
• Grantee: Yury Tatiana Granja Salcedo
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 17/11571-0 - Rumen bacterial diversity and efficiency of nitrogen use in Nellore steers fed with different levels and sources of protein in the diet
• Grantee: Kênia Larissa Gomes Carvalho Alves
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 18/13885-4 - Influence of the restriction of the consumption of performance, loin eye area and fat thickness in bovine rearing Nellore to pasture
• Grantee: Maria Júlia Generoso Ganga
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 16/22022-4 - Impact of metabolizable protein in the production of beef cattle and emission of greenhouse gases
• Grantee: Telma Teresinha Berchielli
• Support type: Research Projects - Thematic Grants