Shifts in Ecological Dominance between Two Lepidopteran Species in Refuge Areas of Bt Cotton

Author(s):Show less -

Malaquias, Jose Bruno ^[1] ; Santiago Santana, Danilo Renato ^[2] ; Degrande, Paulo Eduardo ^[2] ; Ferreira, Claudia Pio ^[1] ; de Melo, Elmo Pontes ^[3] ; Conde Godoy, Wesley Augusto ^[4] ; da Silva Pachu, Jessica Karina ^[4] ; Ramalho, Francisco de Sousa ^[5] ; Omoto, Celso ^[4] ; de Azevedo Pereira, Alexandre Igor ^[6] ; Guazina, Renato Anastacio ^[2]

Affiliation

^[1] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Inst Biosci IBB, Dept Biostat, BR-18618693 Botucatu, SP - Brazil

^[2] Fed Univ Grande Dourados UFGD, Dept Entomol, BR-79825070 Dourados, MS - Brazil

^[3] Fed Inst Mato Grosso do Sul, BR-79909000 Ponta Pora - Brazil

^[4] Luiz de Queiroz Coll Agr ESALQ, Dept Entomol & Acarol, BR-13418900 Piracicaba - Brazil

^[5] Embrapa Cotton, Biol Control Unit, BR-58428095 Campina Grande, Paraiba - Brazil

^[6] Goiano Fed Inst, BR-75790000 Urutai - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: INSECTS; v. 12, n. 2 FEB 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 1

Abstract

Simple Summary Understanding the reasons that substantiate competitive strategies as a result of selective pressure and their consequences for the dynamics of competitors under specific conditions is one of the key issues in Game Theory. Here, we discuss how the adoption of insecticide control in refuge areas and the occurrence of Spodoptera frugiperda and Helicoverpa armigera resistance to insecticides could impact the large-scale production of individuals in refuge areas of Bt cotton in the context of competition dynamics. In view of our results, we emphasize the necessity of carefully managing refuge areas of Bt cotton in agroecosystems that have both S. frugiperda and H. armigera. Competition behavior involving agricultural pest species has long been viewed as a powerful selective force that drives ecological and phenotypic diversity. In this context, a Game Theory-based approach may be useful to describe the decision-making dilemma of a competitor with impacts to guarantee its superiority in terms of ecological dominance or sharing of the food resource with its competitor. In an attempt to elucidate the consequences of competitive dynamics for the ecological dominance of these species in refuge areas of Bt cotton, we conducted a study that was divided into two parts. The first study consisted of an evaluation of interactions involving Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith, 1797) and Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner, 1808) on non-Bt cotton plants in a field trial. In the second study, we explored the data matrix collected in the field to parameterize a model of Cellular Automata (CA) with update rules inspired by Game Theory. Computer simulations were analyzed in hypothetical scenarios involving the application (or not) of insecticides in the refuge areas in combination with the resistance factor of one or both pest species to the insecticides used in the refuge areas. H. armigera had superior competitive performance in relation to S. frugiperda only at high densities. According to the density-mediated shift in dominance of the species, the resistance of S. frugiperda to insecticides is seen as a risk factor for the production of susceptible individuals of H. armigera on a large scale in the refuge areas. Additionally, S. frugiperda insecticide resistance may potentially impact the resistance evolution of the H. armigera population to Bt cotton. Thus, ecological dominance could diverge by the presence of a resistance allele to insecticides with interspecific competition perhaps subordinate to evolutionary processes. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 18/20435-5 - Modeling with game theory of behavioral / adaptive strategies of Spodoptera frugiperda and Helicoverpa armigera in Bt crops with spatio-temporal co-occurrence
• Grantee: José Bruno Malaquias
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 17/05953-7 - Ecological Modeling of the Resistance Evolution of Spodoptera frugiperda on Bt Cotton Mediated by Seed Contamination and Temperature Increasing
• Grantee: José Bruno Malaquias
• Support type: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 14/16609-7 - A multi - and interdisciplinary approach to understand spatio-temporal patterns of insect pests and design landscapes for sustainable pest management in tropical agricultural systems
• Grantee: Wesley Augusto Conde Godoy
• Support type: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 15/20380-8 - Ecological modelling of the larval dispersion of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Bt cotton: implications for evolution and resistance management
• Grantee: José Bruno Malaquias
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate