Nutrient deficiency enhances the rate of short-term belowground transfer of nitrogen from Acacia mangium to Eucalyptus trees in mixed-species plantations

Author(s)

Oliveira, I. R. ^[1] ; Bordron, B. ^{[2, 3]} ; Laclau, J. P. ^{[2, 3, 4]} ; Paula, R. R. ^[5] ; Ferraz, V, A. ; Goncalves, J. L. M. ^[1] ; le Maire, G. ^{[2, 3]} ; Bouillet, J. P. ^{[2, 1, 3]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Forest Sci Dept, ESALQ, BR-13418900 Piracicaba - Brazil

^[2] CIRAD, UMR Eco&Sols, F-34398 Montpellier - France

^[3] Univ Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgro, CIRAD, IRD, Eco&Sols, INRA, Montpellier - France

^[4] Sao Paulo State Univ Julio de Mesquita Filho, Sch Agr, UNESP, BR-18610300 Botucatu, SP - Brazil

^[5] UFES, Dept Forest Sci & Wood, BR-29550000 Jeronimo Monteiro - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT; v. 491, JUL 1 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 1

Abstract

While a recent study showed that significant amounts of the nitrogen (N) requirements of young Eucalyptus trees can be provided by nitrogen-fixing trees (NFTs) in mixed-species plantations through short-term belowground N transfer, the consequences of soil fertility on this facilitation process remain unknown. We assessed the effect of fertilization on the percentage of N derived from transfer (%NDFT) from Acacia mangium trees to Eucalyptus trees in mixed-species plantations. A complete randomized block design with two treatments (fertilized vs unfertilized) and three blocks was set up in mixed-species plantations of A. mangium and Eucalyptus in Brazil, with 50% of each species at 2.5 m x 2.5 m spacing. Collection of litterfall and forest floor made it possible to estimate the annual N release from forest floor decomposition between 46 and 58 months after planting, close to harvest age. N-15-NO3- was injected into the stem of one dominant Acacia tree in each plot, 58 months after planting. The x (N-15) values of Acacia and Eucalyptus fine roots sampled within 1.8 m of the labelled A. mangium tree were determined at 7, 14, 30 and 60 days after labelling. The x(N-15) values in wood, bark, branch and leaf samples were also determined for the 6 labelled Acacia trees and their two closest Eucalyptus neighbours, just before and 60 days after labelling. The amount of N released from forest floor decomposition was 31% higher in fertilized (F+) than in unfertilized (F-) plots. Sixty days after labelling, the aboveground compartments of Eucalyptus trees were significantly N-15 enriched in both treatments. The x(N-15) values of Acacia fine mots were higher than background values from 7 days after labelling onwards in F+ and 30 days after labelling in F-. The x(N-15) values of Eucalyptus fine roots were higher than background values in both treatments, from 30 days after labelling onwards. Mean %NDFT values were 18.0% in F+ and 33.9% in F- over the first 60 days after labelling, and 22.8% in F+ and 67.7% in F- from 30 to 60 days after labelling. Fertilization decreased short-term transfer belowground of N from Acacia trees to Eucalyptus trees. Our study suggests that belowground facilitation processes providing N from NFTs to Eucalyptus trees in mixed-species plantations are more pronounced in low-fertility soils than in nutrient-supplied stands. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 10/16623-9 - Ecological intensification of eucalyptus plantations by association of nitrogen fixing leguminous tree species
• Grantee: José Leonardo de Moraes Gonçalves
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants