Toxicity of fipronil and 2,4-D formulations (alone and in a mixture) to the tropical amphipod Hyalella meinerti

Author(s)

da Silva Pinto, Thandy Junio ^{[1, 2]} ; Moreira, Raquel Aparecida ^{[1, 2]} ; da Silva, Lais Conceicao Menezes ^{[1, 2]} ; Yoshii, Maria Paula Cardoso ^{[1, 2]} ; Goulart, Bianca Veloso ^[3] ; Fraga, Priscille Dreux ^{[1, 2]} ; da Silva Rolim, Victor Luiz ^{[1, 2]} ; Montagner, Cassiana Carolina ^[3] ; Daam, Michiel Adriaan ^[4] ; Espindola, Evaldo Luiz Gaeta ^{[1, 2]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Carlos Sch Engn, PPG SEA, Av Trabalhador Sao Carlense 400, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Carlos Sch Engn, NEEA CRHEA SHS, Av Trabalhador Sao Carlense 400, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos - Brazil

^[3] Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Chem, Analyt Chem Dept, Campinas, SP - Brazil

^[4] Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, CENSE, P-2829516 Quinta Da Torre, Caparica - Portugal

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Environmental Science and Pollution Research; v. 28, n. 28, p. 38308-38321, JUL 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Conventional farming uses a large volume of pesticides that may reach aquatic ecosystems. This is also the case for the insecticide fipronil and the herbicide 2,4-D, which are widely used in many crops. This study aimed at evaluating the individual and mixture toxicity of these pesticides to the tropical amphipod Hyalella meinerti. To this end, acute toxicity tests (96 h) were conducted. Chronic bioassays (10 days) were also carried out, in which the body length and dry biomass were evaluated as endpoints. In addition, a complete factorial mixture chronic toxicity test was carried out. H. meinerti was sensitive to fipronil in the acute toxicity tests, with a LC50-96-h of 0.86 mu g L-1 (95% CI 0.26-0.46), and no acute effects were observed after 2,4-D exposure even at the highest test concentration of 100 mg L-1. In the chronic toxicity tests, all tested concentrations of both pesticides decreased the growth of H. meinerti, in which losses on biomass reached 45% and 65% for 2,4-D and fipronil, respectively. The pesticide mixture indicated antagonism although it still significantly decreased the body growth. The results obtained indicate a high sensitivity of H. meinerti exposed to environmentally realistic concentrations, demonstrating that there are risks for the species in real field conditions. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 17/24126-4 - EFFECTS OF THE PESTICIDES FIPRONIL AND 2,4-D, ISOLATELY AND IN MIXTURE, ON NATIVE SPECIES OF THE NEOTROPICAL AQUATIC BIOTA
• Grantee: Raquel Aparecida Moreira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 16/25611-0 - Ecological risk assessment of the aquatic ecosystem based on the Brazilian traditional agricultural system: a case of study in Bom Repouso (MG)
• Grantee: Victor Luiz da Silva Rolim
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 19/04198-6 - Impacts of sugarcane vinasse on neotropicals benthic aquatic macroinvertebrates
• Grantee: Priscille Dreux Fraga
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 15/18790-3 - Environmental effects of the pasture-sugarcane conversion and pasture intensification
• Grantee: Luiz Antonio Martinelli
• Support Opportunities: Research Program on Global Climate Change - Thematic Grants