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(Reference retrieved automatically from Web of Science through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Host ADP-ribosylation and the SARS-CoV-2 macrodomain

Full text
Author(s):
Hoch, Nicolas C. [1]
Total Authors: 1
Affiliation:
[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Biochem, Sao Paulo - Brazil
Total Affiliations: 1
Document type: Review article
Source: BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY TRANSACTIONS; v. 49, n. 4, p. 1711-1721, AUG 2021.
Web of Science Citations: 0
Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted intense research efforts into elucidating mechanisms of coronavirus pathogenesis and to propose antiviral interventions. The interferon (IFN) response is the main antiviral component of human innate immunity and is actively suppressed by several non-structural SARS-CoV-2 proteins, allowing viral replication within human cells. Differences in IFN signalling efficiency and timing have emerged as central determinants of the variability of COVID-19 disease severity between patients, highlighting the need for an improved understanding of host-pathogen interactions that affect the IFN response. ADP-ribosylation is an underexplored post-translational modification catalyzed by ADP-ribosyl transferases collectively termed poly(ADP-ribose) poly-merases (PARPs). Several human PARPs are induced by the IFN response and participate in antiviral defences by regulating IFN signalling itself, modulating host processes such as translation and protein trafficking, as well as directly modifying and inhibiting viral target proteins. SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses encode a macrodomain that hydrolyzes ADP-ribose modifications, thus counteracting antiviral PARP activity. This mini-review provides a brief overview of the known targets of IFN-induced ADP-ribosylation and the functions of viral macrodomains, highlighting several open questions in the field. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 18/18007-5 - Protein ADP-ribosylation: DNA damage signalling and impacts on human health
Grantee:Nicolas Carlos Hoch
Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants
FAPESP's process: 20/05317-6 - Inhibition of the viral macrodomain as a strategy for Coronavirus treatment
Grantee:Nicolas Carlos Hoch
Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants