Assessment of the In Vitro Antischistosomal Activities of the Extracts and Compounds from Solidago Microglossa DC (Asteraceae) and Aristolochia Cymbifera Mart. & Zucc. (Aristolochiaceae)

Author(s)

Costa, Poliana da Silva ^[1] ; Zuza da Silva, Ohana Oliveira ^[1] ; Costa, Danilo de Souza ^[1] ; Silva, Lara Aparecida de Oliveira ^[1] ; de Faria Pinto, Priscila ^[2] ; Silva, Marcos Paulo Nascimento da ^[3] ; de Moraes, Josue ^[3] ; Da Silva Filho, Ademar A. ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Fac Pharm, BR-36036900 Juiz De Fora, MG - Brazil

^[2] Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Inst Biol Sci, Dept Parasitol Microbiol & Immunol, BR-36036900 Juiz De Fora, MG - Brazil

^[3] Univ Guarulhos, Nucleo Pesquisa Doencas Negligenciadas, BR-07025000 Guarulhos, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine; v. 2020, SEP 30 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 2

Abstract

Schistosomiasis, caused by helminth flatworms of the genusSchistosoma, is a neglected tropical disease that afflicts over 230 million people worldwide. Currently, treatment is achieved with only one drug, praziquantel (PZQ). In this regard, the roots ofSolidago microglossa(Asteraceae) andAristolochia cymbifera(Aristolochiaceae) are popularly used as anthelmintic. Despite their medicinal use against helminthiasis, such as schistosomiasis,A.cymbifera, andS.microglossahave not been evaluated againstS.mansoni. Then, in this work, the in vitro antischistosomal activity of the crude extracts ofA.cymbifera(Ac) andS.microglossa(Sm) and their isolated compounds were investigated againstS.mansoniadult worms. Sm (200 mu g/mL) and Ac (100-200 mu g/mL) were lethal to all male and female worms at the 24 h incubation. In addition, Sm (10-50 mu g/mL) and Ac (10 mu g/mL) caused significant reduction in the parasite's movements, showing no significant cytotoxicity to Vero cells at the same range of schistosomicidal concentrations. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that Sm and Ac caused tegumental damages and reduced the numbers of tubercles of male schistosomes. Chromatographic fractionation of Sm leads to isolation of bauerenol,alpha-amirin, and spinasterol, while populifolic acid, cubebin, 2-oxopopulifolic acid methyl ester, and 2-oxopopulifolic acid were isolated from Ac. At concentrations of 25-100 mu M, bauerenol,alpha-amirin, spinasterol, populifolic acid, and cubebin showed significant impact on motor activity ofS.mansoni. 2-oxopopulifolic acid methyl ester and 2-oxopopulifolic acid caused 100% mortality and decreased the motor activity of adult schistosomes at 100 mu M. This study has reported, for the first time, the in vitro antischistosomal effects ofS.microglossaandA.cymbiferaextracts, also showing promising compounds against adult schistosomes. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/22488-3 - Drug repositioning for neglected diseases: identification of novel anthelmintic agents
• Grantee: Josué de Moraes
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants