Are body fat and inflammatory markers independently associated with age-related muscle changes?

Author(s):Show less -

Crispim Nascimento, Carla Manuela ^[1] ; Zacarin Cardoso, Juliana de Fatima ^[2] ; Machado de Jesus, Isabela Thais ^[2] ; Orlandi, Fabiana de Souza ^[1] ; Pimenta Costa-Guarisco, Leticia ^[1] ; de Oliveira Gomes, Grace Angelica ^[1] ; Dos Santos Orlandi, Ariene Angelini ^[2] ; Vasilceac, Fernando Augusto ^[1] ; Iost Pavarini, Sofia Cristina ^[1] ; Gramani-Say, Karina ^[1] ; Castro, Paula Costa ^[1] ; Martins Gratao, Aline Cristina ^[1] ; Zazzetta, Marisa Silvana ^[1] ; Cominetti, Marcia Regina ^[1] ; Pott-Junior, Henrique ^[3]

Affiliation

^[1] Fed Univ Sao Carlos UFSCar, Dept Gerontol, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP - Brazil

^[2] Fed Univ Sao Carlos UFSCar, Dept Nursing, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP - Brazil

^[3] Fed Univ Sao Carlos UFSCar, Dept Med, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Clinical Nutrition; v. 40, n. 4, p. 2009-2015, APR 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 1

Abstract

Background \& aims: A growing number of studies have shown that body fat and inflammation are associated with age-related changes in body muscle composition. However, most of these studies did not control for potential confounders. The aim was to determine whether there is an association between body fat and inflammatory cytokines with muscle mass/strength decline in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Anthropometric, physical and functionality variables were collected. Nutritional status was assessed by the MNA form. Dynapenia was assessed with handgrip strength on the dominant hand using a dynamometer. Sarcopenia was determined using adapted criteria from the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2). Inflammatory cytokines were evaluated in plasma using a multiplex assay. Associations to muscle mass/strength decline were analyzed using a multinominal logistic regression, adjusted for potential confounders. Results: We recruited a convenience sample of 311 adults aged 60 years or older. Most of subjects were sufficiently active females with a median age of 68 years (interquartile range {[}IQR], 64-74 years), whereas about a half (46.3%) were at risk of malnutrition. The prevalence of dynapenia was 38.3%, whereas sarcopenia was 13.2%. After controlling for potential confounders, we found that relative fat mass index is independently associated with sarcopenia. Loss of strength was independently associated only with female sex, lower physical activity, worse nutrition and IL-10/TNF-a ratio, whereas female sex, an insufficiently active lifestyle and relative fat mass index were the key determinants of sarcopenia. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of physical activity and healthy diet as effective interventions to prevent muscle mass/strength decline, and points to IL-10/TNF-a ratio and body fat as independently associated factors for dynapenia and sarcopenia, respectively. \textbackslash{} 0 2020 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/15235-1 - Frailty monitoring software for the elderly assisted in health primary care: evaluation of its effectiveness and efficiency
• Grantee: Marisa Silvana Zazzetta
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Research in Public Policies for the National Health Care System (PP-SUS)
• FAPESP's process: 14/50104-0 - Fragility monitoring software for the elderly assisted by the Family Health Support Center (NASF) at São Carlos - SP - Brazil
• Grantee: Marisa Silvana Zazzetta
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Research in Public Policies for the National Health Care System (PP-SUS)