High uric acid levels in overweight and obese children and their relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors: what is missing in this puzzle?

Author(s)

Thomazini, Fernanda ^{[1, 2]} ; Carvalho, Beatriz Silva de ^{[1, 2]} ; Araujo, Priscila Xavier de ^[2] ; Franco, Maria do Carmo ^{[3, 1, 4]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Div Translat Med, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Nephrol Div, Med Dept, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Adv Studies, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[4] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Lab Translat Res Vasc & Mol Physiol LiTiVasc, Physiol Dept, Nephrol Div, Med Dept, 862-5 Floor, BR-04023062 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM; v. 34, n. 11, p. 1435-1441, NOV 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 2

Abstract

Objectives: The prevalence of hyperuricemia, a common disorder, has been increasing. Moreover, the association between obesity, serum uric acid levels, and cardiometabolic markers in children is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the inter-relationships between these factors in a sample of children aged 6-12 years. Methods: We evaluated 764 children and stratified them according to their body mass index (BMI). Blood pressure and uric acid, creatinine, lipid, and glycemic profiles were evaluated, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index were calculated. Results: There was a significant linear trend of increasing systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), uric acid, insulin levels, andHOMA-IR index values corresponding with overweight and obese groups; however, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) levels decreased with increasing obesity. The mean creatinine level and eGFR were similar across all BMI groups. Uric acid levels were significantly correlated with BMI (r=0.527), waist circumference (r=0.580), SBP (r=0.497), DBP (r=0.362), TG (r=0.534), total cholesterol (r=0.416), LDLc (r=0.286), HDLc (r=-0.248), insulin (r=0.613), and HOMA-IR index (r=0.607). Multiple regression analyses showed that BMI (B=0.071; SE=0.012; p<0.001), TG (B=0.004; SE=0.001; p<0.001), LDLc (B=0.003; SE=0.001; p=0.006), and insulin (B=0.066; SE=0.007; p<0.001) (R2=0.460) were significant predictors of increased uric acid levels and explained 46% of the variability in uric acid in these children. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that overweight or obese children are more likely to have higher uric acid levels. Moreover, several cardiometabolic risk factors were strongly associated with high uric acid levels. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 07/58044-2 - Birth weight and cardiovascular diseases: characterization of risk and genetic factors interrelation by identifying genomic imprinting mechanisms as well as genetic polymorphisms in homocysteine and eNOS pathways
• Grantee: Maria Do Carmo Pinho Franco
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants