An Ultra-Processed Food Dietary Pattern Is Associated with Lower Diet Quality in Portuguese Adults and the Elderly: The UPPER Project

Author(s):Show less -

de Moraes, Milena Miranda ^{[1, 2]} ; Oliveira, Bruno ^{[1, 3]} ; Afonso, Claudia ^{[1, 2]} ; Santos, Cristina ^{[1, 4]} ; Torres, Duarte ^{[1, 2]} ; Lopes, Carla ^{[5, 2]} ; de Miranda, Renata Costa ^{[6, 7]} ; Rauber, Fernanda ^{[6, 8, 9]} ; Antoniazzi, Luiza ^{[6, 8]} ; Levy, Renata Bertazzi ^{[6, 8]} ; Rodrigues, Sara ^{[1, 2]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Porto, Fac Nutr & Food Sci, P-4150180 Porto - Portugal

^[2] Univ Porto, Associated Lab ITR, Lab Integrat & Translat Res Populat Hlth, Inst Publ Hlth, P-4050600 Porto - Portugal

^[3] Inst Syst & Comp Engn Technol & Sci INESC TEC, Artificial Intelligence & Decis Support LIAAD, P-4200465 Porto - Portugal

^[4] Univ Porto, Ctr Hlth Technol & Serv Res CINTESIS, Associate Lab RISE Hlth Res Network, P-4200450 Porto - Portugal

^[5] Univ Porto, Fac Med, P-4200319 Porto - Portugal

^[6] Univ Sao Paulo, Ctr Epidemiol Res Nutr & Hlth, BR-0124690 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[7] Univ Fed Triangulo Mineiro, Inst Hlth Sci, Dept Nutr, BR-38025440 Uberaba - Brazil

^[8] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Prevent Med, BR-0124690 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[9] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, BR-0124690 Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: NUTRIENTS; v. 13, n. 11 NOV 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

This study aimed to identify dietary patterns (DPs) and their associations with sociodemographic factors and diet quality in Portuguese adults and the elderly. Cross-sectional data were obtained from the National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (2015-2016), with two non-consecutive dietary 24 h recalls. Food items were classified according to the NOVA system and its proportion (in grams) in the total daily diet was considered to identify DPs by latent class analysis, using age and sex as concomitant variables. Multinomial logistic and linear regressions were performed to test associations of DPs with sociodemographic characteristics and diet quality, respectively. Three DPs were identified: ``Traditional `` (higher vegetables, fish, olive oil, breads, beer and wine intake), ``Unhealthy `` (higher pasta, sugar-sweetened beverages, confectionery and sausages intake) and ``Diet concerns `` (lower intake of cereals, red meat, sugar-sweetened and alcoholic beverages). ``Unhealthy `` was associated with being younger and lower intake of dietary fiber and vitamins and the highest free sugars and ultra-processed foods (UPF). ``Diet concerns `` was associated with being female and a more favorable nutrient profile, but both DPs presented a higher contribution of UPF than the ``Traditional `` DP. These findings should be considered for the design of food-based interventions and public policies for these age groups in Portugal. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 20/15788-6 - Consumption of ultra-processed foods and indicators of diet quality in Portugal
• Grantee: Luiza Antoniazzi Gomes de Gouveia
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 19/05972-7 - Consumption of ultra-processed foods and indicators of diet quality in Portugal
• Grantee: Renata Costa de Miranda
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 18/07391-9 - Consumption of ultra-processed foods, nutrient profile and obesity in Portugal
• Grantee: Renata Bertazzi Levy
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants