Searches for Violation of CPT Symmetry and Lorentz Invariance with Astrophysical Neutrinos

Author(s)

Moura, Celio A. ^[1] ; Rossi-Torres, Fernando ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Fed ABC, Ctr Ciencias Nat & Humanas, BR-09210580 Santo Andre, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: UNIVERSE; v. 8, n. 1 JAN 2022.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Neutrinos are a powerful tool for searching physics beyond the standard model of elementary particles. In this review, we present the status of the research on charge-parity-time (CPT) symmetry and Lorentz invariance violations using neutrinos emitted from the collapse of stars such as supernovae and other astrophysical environments, such as gamma-ray bursts. Particularly, supernova neutrino fluxes may provide precious information because all neutrino and antineutrino flavors are emitted during a burst of tens of seconds. Models of quantum gravity may allow the violation of Lorentz invariance and possibly of CPT symmetry. Violation of Lorentz invariance may cause a modification of the dispersion relation and, therefore, in the neutrino group velocity as well in the neutrino wave packet. These changes can affect the arrival time signal registered in astrophysical neutrino detectors. Direction or time-dependent oscillation probabilities and anisotropy of the neutrino velocity are manifestations of the same kind of new physics. CPT violation, on the other hand, may be responsible for different oscillation patterns for neutrino and antineutrino and unconventional energy dependency of the oscillation phase or of the mixing angles. Future perspectives for possible CPT and Lorentz violating systems are also presented. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/19164-6 - Challenges in the 21st century in neutrino physics and astrophysics
• Grantee: Orlando Luis Goulart Peres
• Support Opportunities: Special Projects