Salivary, serological, and cellular immune response to the CoronaVac vaccine in health care workers with or without previous COVID-19

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Ortega, Marina Mazzilli ; da Silva, Lais Teodoro ; Candido, Erika Donizetti ; Zheng, Yingying ; Tiyo, Bruna Tiaki ; Ferreira, Arthur Eduardo Fernandes ; Correa-Silva, Simone ; Scagion, Guilherme Pereira ; Leal, Fabyano Bruno ; Chalup, Vanessa Nascimento ; Valerio, Camila Araujo ; Schmitz, Gabriela Justamante Handel ; Ceneviva, Carina ; Cora, Aline Pivetta ; de Almeida, Alexandre ; Durigon, Edison Luiz ; Oliveira, Danielle Bruna Leal ; Palmeira, Patricia ; da Silva Duarte, Alberto Jose ; Carneiro-Sampaio, Magda ; Oshiro, Telma Miyuki

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS; v. 12, n. 1, p. 12-pg., 2022-06-16.

Abstract

We investigated the anti-SARS-CoV-2 post-vaccine response through serum and salivary antibodies, serum antibody neutralizing activity and cellular immune response in samples from health care workers who were immunized with two doses of an inactivated virus-based vaccine (CoronaVac) who had or did not have COVID-19 previously. IgA and IgG antibodies directed at the spike protein were analysed in samples of saliva and/or serum by ELISA and/or chemiluminescence assays; the neutralizing activity of serum antibodies against reference strain B, Gamma and Delta SARS-CoV-2 variants were evaluated using a virus neutralization test and SARS-CoV-2 reactive interferon-gamma T-cell were analysed by flow cytometry. CoronaVac was able to induce serum and salivary IgG anti-spike antibodies and IFN-gamma producing T cells in most individuals who had recovered from COVID-19 and/or were vaccinated. Virus neutralizing activity was observed against the ancestral strain, with a reduced response against the variants. Vaccinated individuals who had previous COVID-19 presented higher responses than vaccinated individuals for all variables analysed. Our study provides evidence that the CoronaVac vaccine was able to induce the production of specific serum and saliva antibodies, serum virus neutralizing activity and cellular immune response, which were increased in previously COVID-19-infected individuals compared to uninfected individuals. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 18/12460-0 - Production and characterization of polarized dendritic cells aDC1 for use in anti-HIV immunotherapy
• Grantee: Laís Teodoro da Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 16/25212-9 - Therapeutic vaccine based on aDC1 dendritic cells pulsed with inactivated autologous virus for the control of viremia after ATI in HIV infected individuals
• Grantee: Alberto José da Silva Duarte
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 21/06139-7 - Caracterization and loading of HIV-relevant antigens in dendritic cells aDC1 for anti-HIV immunotherapy
• Grantee: Gabriela Justamante Handel Schmitz
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 19/24849-1 - Nanoparticles as HIV antigen delivery: potential application in anti-HIV immunotherapy using monocyte-derived dendritic cells
• Grantee: Bruna Tiaki Tiyo
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 20/06409-1 - Evaluation of humoral immune response and inflammatory response in patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 at Hospital Sírio Libanês and correlation with disease severity
• Grantee: Edison Luiz Durigon
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 14/50489-9 - Human thymus: development and diseases
• Grantee: Magda Maria Sales Carneiro-Sampaio
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants