Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay: An Adaptable Methodology to Study SARS-CoV-2 Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses

Author(s)

Portilho, Amanda Izeli ; Lima, Gabrielle Gimenes ; De Gaspari, Elizabeth

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE; v. 11, n. 6, p. 13-pg., 2022-03-01.

Abstract

The Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay is a versatile technique, which can be used for several applications. It has enormously contributed to the study of infectious diseases. This review highlights how this methodology supported the science conducted in COVID-19 pandemics, allowing scientists to better understand the immune response against SARS-CoV-2. ELISA can be modified to assess the functionality of antibodies, as avidity and neutralization, respectively by the standardization of avidity-ELISA and surrogate-neutralization methods. Cellular immunity can also be studied using this assay. Products secreted by cells, like proteins and cytokines, can be studied by ELISA or its derivative Enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assay. ELISA and ELISA-based methods aided the area of immunology against infectious diseases and is still relevant, for example, as a promising approach to study the differences between natural and vaccine-induced immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 18/04202-0 - Study of the immunogenicity of outer membrane antigens of Neisseria meningitidis and interaction with cationic lipids: evaluation of new adjuvant for Neisseria meningitidis in different strains of elderly mice
• Grantee: Elizabeth Natal de Gaspari
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants