Type and Intensity as Key Variable of Exercise in Metainflammation Diseases: A Review

Author(s)

Figueiredo, Caique ; Padilha, Camila S. ; Dorneles, Gilson P. ; Peres, Alessandra ; Kruger, Karsten ; Rosa-Neto, Jose Cesar ; Lira, Fabio S.

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE; v. 43, n. 09, p. 25-pg., 2022-02-18.

Abstract

Monocyte and lymphocyte subpopulations exhibit functions that vary between the anti- and pro-inflammatory spectrum, such as classic CD16- and non-classical CD16+monocytes, as well as T helper 2 lymphocytes (Th2), the Th1/Th17 lymphocytes ratio, and T regulatory lymphocytes (Treg). Metabolic disease-associated inflammation is accompanied by an imbalance in monocyte and lymphocyte phenotypes and functionality, as well as a stronger proportion of inflammatory subpopulations. These changes appear to be important for the development and progression of diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular disease. On the other hand, the regular practice of physical exercise is an important tool to restore the functionality of monocytes and lymphocytes, and to balance the subtypes ratio. However, key variables regarding exercise prescription, such as the type of exercise, intensity, and volume differentially impact on the acute and chronic immune response in individuals diagnosed with meta-inflammation diseases. Here, we discuss the impact of different physical exercise protocols, acutely and chronically, on monocytes and lymphocytes of individuals with metabolic disease-associated inflammation. In this review, we focus on the best effects of different exercise protocols to dose the "exercise pill" in different inflammatory status. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 18/19678-0 - Energetic sensors and polarization of monocytes / macrophages M1 and M2: potential influence of visceral adipose tissue and aerobic fitness
• Grantee: Fábio Santos de Lira
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 18/23402-0 - T lymphocytes responses and cardiorespiratory fitness in adults: Role of adipose tissue and mTORC1 and mTORC2 pathway
• Grantee: Camila de Souza Padilha
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral