Structural neuroimaging biomarkers for obsessive-compulsive disorder in the ENIGMA-OCD consortium: medication matters

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Bruin, Willem B. ; Taylor, Luke ; Thomas, Rajat M. ; Shock, Jonathan P. ; Zhutovsky, Paul ; Abe, Yoshinari ; Alonso, Pino ; Ameis, Stephanie H. ; Anticevic, Alan ; Arnold, Paul D. ; Assogna, Francesca ; Benedetti, Francesco ; Beucke, Jan C. ; Boedhoe, Premika S. W. ; Bollettini, Irene ; Bose, Anushree ; Brem, Silvia ; Brennan, Brian P. ; Buitelaar, Jan K. ; Calvo, Rosa ; Cheng, Yuqi ; Cho, Kang Ik K. ; Dallaspezia, Sara ; Denys, Damiaan ; Ely, Benjamin A. ; Feusner, Jamie D. ; Fitzgerald, Kate D. ; Fouche, Jean-Paul ; Fridgeirsson, Egill A. ; Gruner, Patricia ; Guersel, Deniz A. ; Hauser, Tobias U. ; Hirano, Yoshiyuki ; Hoexter, Marcelo Q. ; Hu, Hao ; Huyser, Chaim ; Ivanov, Iliyan ; James, Anthony ; Jaspers-Fayer, Fern ; Kathmann, Norbert ; Kaufmann, Christian ; Koch, Kathrin ; Kuno, Masaru ; Kvale, Gerd ; Kwon, Jun Soo ; Liu, Yanni ; Lochner, Christine ; Lazaro, Luisa ; Marques, Paulo ; Marsh, Rachel ; Martinez-Zalacain ; Mataix-Cols, David ; Menchon, Jose M. ; Minuzzi, Luciano ; Moreira, Pedro S. ; Morer, Astrid ; Morgado, Pedro ; Nakagawa, Akiko ; Nakamae, Takashi ; Nakao, Tomohiro ; Narayanaswamy, Janardhanan C. ; Nurmi, Erika L. ; O'Neill, Joseph ; Pariente, Jose C. ; Perriello, Chris ; Piacentini, John ; Piras, Fabrizio ; Piras, Federica ; Reddy, Y. C. Janardhan ; Rus-Oswald, Oana G. ; Sakai, Yuki ; Sato, Joao R. ; Schmaal, Lianne ; Shimizu, Eiji ; Simpson, H. Blair ; Soreni, Noam ; Soriano-Mas, Carles ; Spalletta, Gianfranco ; Stern, Emily R. ; Stevens, Michael C. ; Stewart, S. Evelyn ; Szeszko, Philip R. ; Tolin, David F. ; Venkatasubramanian, Ganesan ; Wang, Zhen ; Yun, Je-Yeon ; van Rooij, Daan ; Thompson, Paul M. ; van den Heuvel, Odile A. ; Stein, Dan J. ; van Wingen, Guido A. ; ENIGMA-OCD Working Grp

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY; v. 10, n. 1, p. 12-pg., 2020-10-08.

Abstract

No diagnostic biomarkers are available for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Here, we aimed to identify magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers for OCD, using 46 data sets with 2304 OCD patients and 2068 healthy controls from the ENIGMA consortium. We performed machine learning analysis of regional measures of cortical thickness, surface area and subcortical volume and tested classification performance using cross-validation. Classification performance for OCD vs. controls using the complete sample with different classifiers and cross-validation strategies was poor. When models were validated on data from other sites, model performance did not exceed chance-level. In contrast, fair classification performance was achieved when patients were grouped according to their medication status. These results indicate that medication use is associated with substantial differences in brain anatomy that are widely distributed, and indicate that clinical heterogeneity contributes to the poor performance of structural MRI as a disease marker. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 11/21357-9 - Research on neural circuits and biological markers involved in obsessive-compulsive disorder using behavioral paradigms of fear and anxiety
• Grantee: Eurípedes Constantino Miguel Filho
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 18/04654-9 - Time series, wavelets and high dimensional data
• Grantee: Pedro Alberto Morettin
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 18/21934-5 - Network statistics: theory, methods, and applications
• Grantee: André Fujita
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants