Molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in tissue-specific metabolic modulation by SARS-CoV-2

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dos Santos, Alef Aragao Carneiro ; Rodrigues, Luiz Eduardo ; Alecrim-Zeza, Amanda Lins ; Ferreira, Liliane de Araujo ; Trettel, Caio dos Santos ; Gimenes, Gabriela Mandu ; da Silva, Adelson Fernandes ; Sousa-Filho, Celso Pereira Batista ; Serdan, Tamires Duarte Afonso ; Levada-Pires, Adriana Cristina ; Hatanaka, Elaine ; Borges, Fernanda Teixeira ; de Barros, Marcelo Paes ; Cury-Boaventura, Maria Fernanda ; Bertolini, Gisele Lopes ; Cassolla, Priscila ; Marzuca-Nassr, Gabriel Nasri ; Vitzel, Kaio Fernando ; Pithon-Curi, Tania Cristina ; Masi, Laureane Nunes ; Curi, Rui ; Gorjao, Renata ; Hirabara, Sandro Massao

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY; v. 13, p. 22-pg., 2022-11-10.

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is triggered by the SARS-CoV-2, which is able to infect and cause dysfunction not only in lungs, but also in multiple organs, including central nervous system, skeletal muscle, kidneys, heart, liver, and intestine. Several metabolic disturbances are associated with cell damage or tissue injury, but the mechanisms involved are not yet fully elucidated. Some potential mechanisms involved in the COVID-19-induced tissue dysfunction are proposed, such as: (a) High expression and levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF-alpha IL-6, IL-1 beta, INF-alpha and INF-beta, increasing the systemic and tissue inflammatory state; (b) Induction of oxidative stress due to redox imbalance, resulting in cell injury or death induced by elevated production of reactive oxygen species; and (c) Deregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, exacerbating the inflammatory and oxidative stress responses. In this review, we discuss the main metabolic disturbances observed in different target tissues of SARS-CoV-2 and the potential mechanisms involved in these changes associated with the tissue dysfunction. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 18/07283-1 - Effects of leptin on lymphocyte differentiation and metabolism
• Grantee: Renata Gorjao
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 18/09868-7 - Cellular and molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance and inflammation in obese Wistar rats and lean Goto-Kakizaki rats: causes and associations with diet and physical exercise
• Grantee: Rui Curi
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants