Molecular species delimitation and description of a new species of Phenacogaster (Teleostei, Characidae) from the southern Amazon basin

Author(s)

Souza, Camila S. ; Mattox, George M. T. ; Vita, George ; Ochoa, Luz E. ; Melo, Bruno F. ; Oliveira, Claudio

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: ZOOKEYS; v. N/A, n. 1164, p. 21-pg., 2023-05-26.

Abstract

Phenacogaster is the most species-rich genus of the subfamily Characinae with 23 valid species broadly distribut-ed in riverine systems of South America. Despite the taxonomic diversity of the genus, little has been advanced about its molecular diversity. A recent molecular phylogeny indicated the presence of undescribed species with-in Phenacogaster that is formally described here. We sampled 73 specimens of Phenacogaster and sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene in order to undertake species delimitation analyses and evaluate their intra-and interspecific genetic diversity. The results show the presence of 14 species, 13 of which are valid and one undescribed. The new species is known from the tributaries of the Xingu basin, the Rio das Mortes of the Araguaia basin, and the Rio Teles Pires of the Tapajos basin. It is distinguished by the incom-plete lateral line, position of the humeral blotch near the pseudotympanum, and shape of the caudal-peduncle blotch. Meristic data and genetic differentiation relative to other Phenacogaster species represent strong evidence for the recognition of the new species and highlight the occurrence of an additional lineage of P. franciscoensis. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/09204-6 - Biodiversity and Biogeography in marine-estuarine fishes (Teleostei) from Brazil
• Grantee: Claudio de Oliveira
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 18/20610-1 - Study of the biogeography of the Brazilian coast using data population genetic data of marine catfish of the genera Cathorops and Genidens
• Grantee: Claudio de Oliveira
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 14/26508-3 - Phylogeny of the hyperdiverse order Characiformes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi) using ultraconserved elements
• Grantee: Claudio de Oliveira
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/01970-4 - Integrating morphological and molecular data in the taxonomic and phylogenetic study of the miniature fish Priocharax Weitzman & Vari (Teleostei, Characiformes, Characidae)
• Grantee: George Mendes Taliaferro Mattox
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/06551-0 - Characinae (Actinopterygii: Characiformes: Characidae): molecular identification and interspecific phylogenetic relationships
• Grantee: Camila da Silva de Souza
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 18/23883-9 - Electric fishes of the genus Sternarchorhynchus, a case of adaptative irradiation in continental scale? A phylogenomic and morphological approach
• Grantee: Luz Eneida Ochoa Orrego
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 16/11313-8 - Phylogeny of the Order Characiformes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi) using ultraconserved elements
• Grantee: Bruno Francelino de Melo
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral