Dietary patterns and subclinical atherosclerosis incidence and progression: Results from ELSA-Brasil

Author(s)

Alves, Mariane de A. ; Miranda, Andreia M. ; Cacau, Leandro T. ; Levy, Jessica ; Generoso, Giuliano ; Bittencourt, Marcio S. ; Lotufo, Paulo A. ; Bensenor, Isabela M. ; Marchioni, Dirce M.

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; v. 33, n. 1, p. 9-pg., 2023-01-01.

Abstract

Background and aims: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of disease burden worldwide. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) score is a subclinical atherosclerosis marker able to predict the risk of CVD in asymptomatic patients, and few studies have investigated the association between dietary patterns (DP) and CAC score prospectively. Thus, the aim of this study was to estimate the association between baseline DP and CAC score incidence and progression on the ELSA-Brasil cohort. Methods and results: This study is a longitudinal prospective analysis of the ELSA-Brasil participants who underwent a CAC exam on baseline and follow-up (n = 2,824). CAC incidence was defined as a baseline CAC score equal to zero (n = 2,131) and subsequent follow-up CAC score greater than zero. CAC progression was defined according to the Hokanson method for the individuals who presented a CAC score greater than zero at the baseline (n = 639). Dietary data were assessed at the baseline using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and factor analysis was applied to identify DP. Poisson regression models with robust variance and linear regression models were applied to estimate the association between baseline DP and CAC incidence and progression. The incidence of CAC was 14.6%, while 60.3% of the individuals presented CAC progression. Three DP were identified: convenience, Brazilian traditional, and prudent. We did not find a significant association between baseline DP and CAC incidence or progression. Conclusion: Our findings from this longitudinal prospective analysis showed that baseline DP are not associated with CAC incidence or progression. & COPY; 2022 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 19/13486-5 - Anthropometric trajectory and dietary patterns: analysis of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brazil)
• Grantee: Mariane de Almeida Alves
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 11/12256-4 - Calcium score and coronary atherosclerosis in an adult cohort
• Grantee: Paulo Andrade Lotufo
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 19/13424-0 - Progression of subclinical Atherosclerosis markers and a priori eating patterns: an analysis to the longitudinal study in adult health (ELSA-Brazil)
• Grantee: Leandro Teixeira Cacau
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)