Yoghurt Intake and Gastric Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of 16 Studies of the StoP Consortium

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Collatuzzo, Giulia ; Negri, Eva ; Pelucchi, Claudio ; Bonzi, Rossella ; Turati, Federica ; Rabkin, Charles S. ; Liao, Linda M. ; Sinha, Rashmi ; Palli, Domenico ; Ferraroni, Monica ; Lopez-Carrillo, Lizbeth ; Lunet, Nuno ; Morais, Samantha ; Albanes, Demetrius ; Weinstein, Stephanie J. ; Parisi, Dominick ; Zaridze, David ; Maximovitch, Dmitry ; Dierssen-Sotos, Trinidad ; Jimenez-Moleon, Jose Juan ; Vioque, Jesus ; de la Hera, Manoli Garcia ; Curado, Maria Paula ; Dias-Neto, Emmanuel ; Hernandez-Ramirez, Raul Ulises ; Lopez-Cervantes, Malaquias ; Ward, Mary H. ; Tsugane, Shoichiro ; Hidaka, Akihisa ; Lagiou, Areti ; Lagiou, Pagona ; Zhang, Zuo-Feng ; Trichopoulou, Antonia ; Karakatsani, Anna ; Camargo, Maria Constanza ; La Vecchia, Carlo ; Boffetta, Paolo

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: NUTRIENTS; v. 15, n. 8, p. 13-pg., 2023-04-01.

Abstract

Background: Yoghurt can modify gastrointestinal disease risk, possibly acting on gut microbiota. Our study aimed at exploring the under-investigated association between yoghurt and gastric cancer (GC). Methods: We pooled data from 16 studies from the Stomach Cancer Pooling (StoP) Project. Total yoghurt intake was derived from food frequency questionnaires. We calculated study-specific odds ratios (ORs) of GC and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for increasing categories of yoghurt consumption using univariate and multivariable unconditional logistic regression models. A two-stage analysis, with a meta-analysis of the pooled adjusted data, was conducted. Results: The analysis included 6278 GC cases and 14,181 controls, including 1179 cardia and 3463 non-cardia, 1191 diffuse and 1717 intestinal cases. The overall meta-analysis revealed no association between increasing portions of yoghurt intake (continuous) and GC (OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.94-1.02). When restricting to cohort studies, a borderline inverse relationship was found (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.88-0.99). The adjusted and unadjusted OR were 0.92 (95% CI = 0.85-0.99) and 0.78 (95% CI = 0.73-0.84) for any vs. no yoghurt consumption and GC risk. The OR for 1 category of increase in yoghurt intake was 0.96 (95% CI = 0.91-1.02) for cardia, 1.03 (95% CI = 1.00-1.07) for non-cardia, 1.12 (95% CI = 1.07-1.19) for diffuse and 1.02 (95% CI = 0.97-1.06) for intestinal GC. No effect was seen within hospital-based and population-based studies, nor in men or women. Conclusions: We found no association between yoghurt and GC in the main adjusted models, despite sensitivity analyses suggesting a protective effect. Additional studies should further address this association. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/26897-0 - Epidemiology and genomics of gastric adenocarcinomas in Brazil
• Grantee: Emmanuel Dias-Neto
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants