Modification of pectin/starch-based beads with additives to improve Bacillus subtilis encapsulation for agricultural applications

Author(s)

Lopes, Marina Momesso ; de Oliveira-Paiva, Christiane Abreu ; Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules; v. 246, p. 10-pg., 2023-07-04.

Abstract

The use of Bacillus as biofertilizer is a sustainable strategy to increase agricultural productivity, but it still requires the development of formulations to protect cells from stressful conditions. Ionotropic gelation using a pectin/starch matrix is a promising encapsulation strategy to achieve this goal. By incorporating additives such as montmorillonite (MMT), attapulgite (ATP), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), the properties of these encapsulated products could be further improved. In this study, we investigated the influence of these additives on the properties of pectin/starch-based beads for the encapsulation of Bacillus subtilis. FTIR analysis indicated pectin and Ca2+ ions interactions, while the XRD showed good dispersion of clays in the materials. SEM and X-ray microtomography revealed differences in the morphology of the beads due to the use of the additives. The viabilities at the encapsulation were higher than 1010 CFU g-1 for all formulations, with differences in the release profiles. In terms of cell protection, the pectin/starch, pectin/starch-MMT and pectin/ starch-CMC formulations showed the highest cell viability after exposure to fungicide, while the pectin/starchATP beads showed the best performance after UV exposure. Moreover, all formulations maintained more than 109 CFU g-1 after six months of storage, which meets values required for microbial inoculants. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 19/25261-8 - Nanocellulose production from marine macroalgae of Alagoas coast through the enzymatic route: obtention, characterization and economic feasibility
• Grantee: Cristiane Sanchez Farinas
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 16/10636-8 - From the cell factory to the Biodiesel-Bioethanol integrated biorefinery: a systems approach applied to complex problems in micro and macroscales
• Grantee: Roberto de Campos Giordano
• Support Opportunities: Program for Research on Bioenergy (BIOEN) - Thematic Grants