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Toxins from Animal Venoms as a Potential Source of Antimalarials: A Comprehensive Review

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Author(s):
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Salimo, Zeca M. ; Barros, Andre L. ; Adriao, Asenate A. X. ; Rodrigues, Aline M. ; Sartim, Marco A. ; de Oliveira, Isadora S. ; Pucca, Manuela B. ; Baia-da-Silva, Djane C. ; Monteiro, Wuelton M. ; de Melo, Gisely C. ; Koolen, Hector H. F.
Total Authors: 11
Document type: Journal article
Source: TOXINS; v. 15, n. 6, p. 26-pg., 2023-06-01.
Abstract

Malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium spp. and it is mainly transmitted to humans by female mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles. Malaria is an important global public health problem due to its high rates of morbidity and mortality. At present, drug therapies and vector control with insecticides are respectively the most commonly used methods for the treatment and control of malaria. However, several studies have shown the resistance of Plasmodium to drugs that are recommended for the treatment of malaria. In view of this, it is necessary to carry out studies to discover new antimalarial molecules as lead compounds for the development of new medicines. In this sense, in the last few decades, animal venoms have attracted attention as a potential source for new antimalarial molecules. Therefore, the aim of this review was to summarize animal venom toxins with antimalarial activity found in the literature. From this research, 50 isolated substances, 4 venom fractions and 7 venom extracts from animals such as anurans, spiders, scorpions, snakes, and bees were identified. These toxins act as inhibitors at different key points in the biological cycle of Plasmodium and may be important in the context of the resistance of Plasmodium to currently available antimalarial drugs. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 20/13176-3 - Human monoclonal antibodies (scFv) discovery with cross-reactivity and pH-dependent to metalloproteases from Bothrops spp
Grantee:Isadora Sousa de Oliveira
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
FAPESP's process: 22/08964-8 - Discovery of human monoclonal antibodies (scFv) with cross-reactivity and pH-dependent targeting metalloprotease from Bothrops spp.
Grantee:Isadora Sousa de Oliveira
Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Post-doctor