Susceptibility monitoring and comparative gene expression of susceptible and resistant strains of Spodoptera frugiperda to lambda-cyhalothrin and chlorpyrifos

Author(s)

do Nascimento, Antonio Rogerio Bezerra ; Rodrigues, Juliana Gonzales ; Kanno, Rubens Hideo ; Assuncao e de Amaral, Fernando Semmelroth ; Malaquias, Jose Bruno ; Silva-Brandao, Karina Lucas ; Consoli, Fernando Luis ; Omoto, Celso

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Pest Management Science; v. 79, n. 6, p. 14-pg., 2023-03-01.

Abstract

BACKGROUNDSpodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) is a widespread agricultural pest with several records of resistance to different insecticides and Bt proteins, including the neurotoxic insecticides chlorpyrifos (organophosphate) and lambda-cyhalothrin (pyrethroid). Here, we (i) characterized and monitored the susceptibility of field populations of S. frugiperda to chlorpyrifos (194 populations) and lambda-cyhalothrin (197 populations) collected from major maize-growing regions of Brazil from 2003 to 2016, and (ii) compared gene expression levels of laboratory-selected, chlorpyrifos- and lambda-cyhalothrin-resistant strains to a susceptible reference strain (Sf-ss) of S. frugiperda. RESULTSThe susceptibility monitoring detected average survival ranging from 29.3% to 36.0% for chlorpyrifos, and 23.1% to 68.0% for lambda-cyhalothrin. The resistance ratio of the chlorpyrifos-resistant strain (Clo-rr) was 25.4-fold and of the lambda-cyhalothrin-resistant strain (Lam-rr) was 21.5-fold. We identified 1098 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between Clo-rr and Sf-ss, and 303 DEGs between Lam-rr and Sf-ss. Functional analyses of the DEGs revealed the up-regulation of several detoxification enzymes, mainly cytochrome P450 belonging to CYP3 and CYP6 clans. Genes associated with regulatory processes, such as the forkhead box class O (FoxO) transcription factor were also up-regulated. Variant analysis of target-site mutations for both pesticides identified the A201S and F290V mutations in acetylcholinesterase-1, both occurring in heterozigosis in the Clo-rr S. frugiperda strain. CONCLUSIONOur data show that the overexpression of the enzymatic detoxification machinery is the main difference to explain the resistance of Clo-rr and Lam-rr strains of S. frugiperda to chlorpyrifos and lambda-cyhalothrin, although a target-site mutation also contributes to the Clo-rr resistance to chlorpyrifos. (c) 2023 Society of Chemical Industry. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/26212-7 - Exploration of next generation sequencing techniques (NGS) for the identification of molecular markers for monitoring the resistance of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to insecticides and Bt proteins
• Grantee: Antonio Rogério Bezerra do Nascimento
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 12/16266-7 - Population genomics: a new approach for studies of speciation in insects due to host use applied to the development of sustainable strategies of IPM
• Grantee: Karina Lucas da Silva-Brandão
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants
• FAPESP's process: 13/07375-0 - CeMEAI - Center for Mathematical Sciences Applied to Industry
• Grantee: Francisco Louzada Neto
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers - RIDC
• FAPESP's process: 19/17215-6 - Identification of molecular markers to detect insecticide resistance in Spodoptera frugiperda and Euschistus heros and the role of the insect microbiome in resistance
• Grantee: Antonio Rogério Bezerra do Nascimento
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 16/09159-0 - Mapping and quantitative trait locus (QTLs) associated with resistance to insecticides and Bt toxin in Spodoptera frugiperda (J. e. Smith)
• Grantee: Antonio Rogério Bezerra do Nascimento
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate