Anti-contractile effects of perivascular adipose tissue in thoracic aorta from rats fed a high-fat diet: role of aerobic exercise training

Author(s)

Araujo, Hygor N. ; Victorio, Jamaira A. ; Valgas da Silva, Carmem P. ; Sponton, Amanda C. S. ; Vettorazzi, Jean F. ; de Moraes, Camila ; Davel, Ana P. ; Zanesco, Angelina ; Delbin, Maria A.

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology; v. 45, n. 3, p. 10-pg., 2018-03-01.

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise training on perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) function in thoracic aorta from rats fed a high-fat diet. Aortic vascular reactivity was performed in sedentary (SD), trained (TR), sedentary high-fat diet (SD-HF), and trained high-fat diet (TR-HF) male Wistar rats in the absence (PVAT-) or in the presence (PVAT+) of thoracic PVAT. We also measured circulatory concentrations of leptin and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-), as well as the protein expressions of TNF- receptor 1 (TNFR1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) on PVAT. In the SD-HF group, the body weight, epididymal fat pad, thoracic PVAT, circulatory triglycerides, insulin, leptin and TNF- were increased when compared with the SD group, whereas exercise training reduced these values in TR-HF group. The relaxing response curves to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside were not modified by either intervention (high-fat diet or exercise training) or the presence of PVAT. The presence of PVAT had an anti-contractile effect in response to serotonin in all groups. In SD-HF group, the increased magnitude of anti-contractile effects was in parallel with an up-regulation of iNOS protein expression in PVAT without alteration in TNFR1. Exercise training was effective in normalizing the vascular reactivity in rings PVAT+ and in reducing the iNOS protein expression. Exercise training prevented the PVAT-induced alteration in thoracic aorta from rats fed a high-fat diet. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/02960-1 - Role of perivascular adipose tissue in aorta and femoral arteries from trained mice fed with high-fat diet
• Grantee: Maria Andréia Delbin
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants