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Comparative Analysis of ARIMA, LSTM, and XGBoost for Very Short-Term Photovoltaic Forecasting

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Author(s):
Cortez, Juan Carlos ; Terada, Lucas Zenichi ; Barros Bandeira, Bruno Vitor ; Soares, Joao ; Vale, Zita ; Rider, Marcos J.
Total Authors: 6
Document type: Journal article
Source: 2023 15TH SEMINAR ON POWER ELECTRONICS AND CONTROL, SEPOC; v. N/A, p. 6-pg., 2023-01-01.
Abstract

Photovoltaic (PV) forecasting is required to optimize grid management and boost renewable energy integration. This paper presents a comparative analysis of three forecast models, autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and long short-term memory (LSTM) for very short-term PV forecasting applied to two real datasets. The main objective is to evaluate the complexity, performance, and accuracy of these algorithms in predicting very short-term PV power based only on the historical PV time series data. Furthermore, an additional study incorporates weather and calendar features for the LSTM model to examine their impact on forecasting quality. The performance of the models is evaluated in terms of root mean squared error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). Feature selection and hyperparameter optimization are also considered. The results highlight the strengths and limitations of each forecasting model in accurately capturing very short-term PV variations and show that XGBoost had the most accurate forecasting metrics for both datasets for univariate models. The research outcomes provide valuable insights for energy system operators, grid managers, and renewable energy stakeholders to make informed decisions regarding grid stability and efficient integration of PV generation. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 21/11380-5 - CPTEn - São Paulo Center for the Study of Energy Transition
Grantee:Luiz Carlos Pereira da Silva
Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Science Centers for Development
FAPESP's process: 23/00297-5 - Photovoltaic Power Forecasting using Machine Learning Methods
Grantee:Bruno Vitor Barros Bandeira
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
FAPESP's process: 22/09171-1 - Design of a predictive model for electric vehicle smart charging based on cloud data
Grantee:Lucas Zenichi Terada
Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Master's degree
FAPESP's process: 20/13002-5 - Smart Recharge Algorithm for Electric Vehicles Considering the Integration of Distributed Electrical Resources: Microservice for IoT Electromobility Platforms
Grantee:Lucas Zenichi Terada
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master