Understanding COVID-19 progression with longitudinal peripheral blood mononuclear cell proteomics: Changes in the cellular proteome over time

Author(s)

Leite, Giuseppe Gianini Figueiredo ; Brunialti, Milena Karina Colo ; Pecanha-Pietrobom, Paula M. ; Ferreira, Paulo R. Abrao ; Ota-Arakaki, Jaquelina Sonoe ; Cunha-Neto, Edecio ; Ferreira, Bianca Lima ; Ronsein, Graziella E. ; Tashima, Alexandre Keiji ; Salomao, Reinaldo

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: ISCIENCE; v. 26, n. 10, p. 16-pg., 2023-10-20.

Abstract

The clinical presentation of COVID-19 is highly variable, and understanding the underlying biological processes is crucial. This study utilized a proteomic analysis to investigate dysregulated processes in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with COVID-19 compared to healthy volunteers. Samples were collected at different stages of the disease, including hospital admission, after 7 days of hospitalization, and 30 days after discharge. Metabolic pathway alterations and increased abundance of neutrophil-related proteins were observed in patients. Patients progressing to critical illness had significantly low -abundance proteins in the pentose phosphate and glycolysis pathways compared with those presenting clinical recovery. Important biological processes, such as fatty acid concentration and glucose metabolism disorder, remained altered even after 30 days of hospital discharge. Temporal proteomic changes revealed distinct pathways in critically ill and non-critically ill patients. Our study emphasizes the significance of longitudinal cellular proteomic studies in identifying disease progression-related pathways and persistent protein changes post-hospitalization. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/12663-1 - Singlet molecular oxygen and peroxides in chemical biology
• Grantee: Paolo Di Mascio
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 19/20532-3 - Quantitative proteomic analysis in mononuclear (PBMC) and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell samples from patients with Sepsis and healthy volunteers, focusing on proteins related to energy and oxidative metabolism, as well as mitochondrial function
• Grantee: Giuseppe Gianini Figueiredo Leite
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 13/07937-8 - Redoxome - Redox Processes in Biomedicine
• Grantee: Ohara Augusto
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers - RIDC
• FAPESP's process: 17/21052-0 - Sepsis: mechanisms, therapeutic targets and epidemiology
• Grantee: Reinaldo Salomão
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 16/00696-3 - Proteomic as a tool to understand HDL function and composition
• Grantee: Graziella Eliza Ronsein
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants
• FAPESP's process: 20/05110-2 - Prospective cohort study to assess clinical, virological and host response aspects in patients with COVID-19
• Grantee: Reinaldo Salomão
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants