Homeology of sex chromosomes in Amazonian Harttia armored catfishes supports the X-fission hypothesis for the X₁X₂Y sex chromosome system origin

Author(s)

Sassi, Francisco de Menezes Cavalcante ; Sember, Alexandr ; Deon, Geize Aparecida ; Liehr, Thomas ; Padutsch, Niklas ; Oyakawa, Osvaldo Takeshi ; Vicari, Marcelo Ricardo ; Bertollo, Luiz Antonio Carlos ; Moreira-Filho, Orlando ; Cioffi, Marcelo de Bello

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS; v. 13, n. 1, p. 11-pg., 2023-09-21.

Abstract

The Neotropical monophyletic catfish genus Harttia represents an excellent model to study karyotype and sex chromosome evolution in teleosts. Its species split into three phylogenetic clades distributed along the Brazilian territory and they differ widely in karyotype traits, including the presence of standard or multiple sex chromosome systems in some members. Here, we investigate the chromosomal rearrangements and associated synteny blocks involved in the origin of a multiple X1X2Y sex chromosome system present in three out of six sampled Amazonian-clade species. Using 5S and 18S ribosomal DNA fluorescence in situ hybridization and whole chromosome painting with probes corresponding to X-1 and X-2 chromosomes of X1X2Y system from H. punctata, we confirm previous assumptions that X1X2Y sex chromosome systems of H. punctata, H. duriventris and H. villasboas represent the same linkage groups which also form the putative XY sex chromosomes of H. rondoni. The shared homeology between X1X2Y sex chromosomes suggests they might have originated once in the common ancestor of these closely related species. A joint arrangement of mapped H. punctata X-1 and X-2 sex chromosomes in early diverging species of different Harttia clades suggests that the X1X2Y sex chromosome system may have formed through an X chromosome fission rather than previously proposed Y-autosome fusion. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 23/08116-0 - Deepen into the satellitome of Harttia: investigations across distinct sex chromosome systems
• Grantee: Francisco de Menezes Cavalcante Sassi
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 20/02681-9 - Evolutionary relationships and demographic history in Loricariidae (Siluriformes) species, with emphasis on Harttia genus
• Grantee: Francisco de Menezes Cavalcante Sassi
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 20/11772-8 - An integrative approach for the analysis of dispersal, adaptive and evolutionary processes between realted species with intercontinental distribution: the Osteoglossidae family (Teleostei, Osteoglossiformes) as an investigative model: part IV
• Grantee: Marcelo de Bello Cioffi
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 22/04261-2 - Integrating cytogenetics and genomics: evolution of sex chromosome systems in Harttia (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) species
• Grantee: Francisco de Menezes Cavalcante Sassi
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate