Aerobic physical exercise modifies the prostate tumoral environment

Author(s)

Veras, Allice Santos Cruz ; Correia, Rafael Ribeiro ; Batista, Victor Rogerio Garcia ; Tavares, Maria Eduarda de Almeida ; Rubira, Rafael Jesus Goncalves ; Fiais, Gabriela Alice ; Giometti, Ines Cristina ; Chaves-Neto, Antonio Hernandes ; Teixeira, Giovana Rampazzo

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Life Sciences; v. 332, p. 12-pg., 2023-10-03.

Abstract

Exercise is recognized for its potential role in reducing the risk of certain cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms behind this risk reduction are not fully understood. Here, we hypothesized that aerobic physical exercise induces cancer attenuating effects through the modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation. To test this hypothesis, twenty male Sprague Dawley rats with chemically induced prostate tumors were divided into two groups: Prostate cancer (PC) in the absence and presence of exercise (PC + Ex). Rats in the PC + Ex group performed exercises on a treadmill for 8 weeks, 5 sessions per week, at an intensity of 60 % of maximum capacity. Weight and feed efficiency, Ki-67, apoptosis, prostatic inflammation, and markers of oxidative stress were analyzed. We found that aerobic physical exercise significantly decreased prostate cell proliferation (p < 0.05) across modulation, tumor size, and prostate weight. The PC + Ex group also significantly reduced anti-apoptosis protein expression (p < 0.05) and increased pro-apoptotic protein expression. Furthermore, physical exercise increased enzymatic antioxidant defenses in the prostate, plasma, and whole blood. Moreover, PC + Ex reduced lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl levels (p < 0.05). In the prostate, there was an increase in antiinflammatory cytokines (IL-10), and a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-alpha, and NF-kappa B) after 8 weeks of physical exercise. In conclusion, we found that aerobic physical exercise is a functional, beneficial, and applicable approach to control PC progression, because it modifies the systemic environment, including the regulation of glucose and circulating lipids. This modification of the cancer cells environment has antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects that attenuate tumor growth. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 20/16166-9 - DEVELOPMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY APPLIED TO PROSTATIC CARCINOMA WITH THE USE OF DOCETAXEL CHEMOTHERAPY CHARACTERISTIC NANOPARTICLES ASSOCIATED WITH AEROBIC PHYSICAL TRAINING
• Grantee: Allice Santos Cruz Veras
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 21/14514-2 - Analysis of cancer cachexia associated with the treatment of drug-carrying nanoparticles of docetaxel and methotrexate in sprague-dawley rats submitted to aerobic physical training
• Grantee: Rafael Ribeiro Correia
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 20/16310-2 - Development of biotechnology applied to prostatic carcinomatosis with the use of Docetaxel chemotherapy care nanoparticles associated with aerobic physical training
• Grantee: Giovana Rampazzo Teixeira
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 18/22214-6 - Towards a convergence of technologies: from sensing and biosensing to information visualization and machine learning for data analysis in clinical diagnosis
• Grantee: Osvaldo Novais de Oliveira Junior
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 20/15324-0 - Effects of high intensity interval physical training (HIIT) on the histological, biochemical and molecular parameters of the urinary bladder of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)
• Grantee: Victor Rogério Garcia Batista
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation