Unraveling the antimicrobial mechanisms and multifunctional performance of boron-doped glass coatings on dental zirconias

Author(s):Show less -

Silva, Ana Carolina da ; Silva, Juliana de Freitas Gouveia ; Rodrigues, Camila da Silva ; Santos, Evelyn Luzia de Sousa ; Junqueira, Juliana Campos ; Campos, Tiago Moreira Bastos ; Thim, Gilmar Patrocinio ; Jodha, Kartikeya Singh ; Marocho, Susana Maria Salazar ; Griggs, Jason Alan ; Marinho, Renata Marques de Melo

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL; v. 51, n. 4, p. 13-pg., 2025-01-22.

Abstract

To evaluate the mechanical, antimicrobial, and optical properties of boron-doped soda-lime glass coatings on 3YTZP and 5Y-PSZ zirconia. Disc-shaped specimens of 3Y-TZP and 5Y-PSZ were divided into: as-sintered (3Y-C and 5Y-C), coated with commercial glaze (3Y-G and 5Y-G), with soda-lime glass (3Y-SL and 5Y-SL), and with silver- containing soda-lime glass (3Y-SLAg and 5Y-SLAg). Cytotoxicity (MTT assay), biaxial flexural strength (sigma B), X-ray diffraction (XRD), translucency (TP00), color difference (Delta E00), and roughness (Ra and Rz) were conducted. Biofilm formation was quantified by colony-forming units (CFU/mL) of C. albicans, S. sanguinis, and E. coli. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fractography were conducted. Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDS) was performed on SL and SLAg samples. Weibull modulus (m) and characteristic strength (sigma 0) for biaxial flexural strength (95 % CI) were calculated. All data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA, and Dunn's method, while the CFU test was analyzed by one-way ANOVA (alpha = 0.05). The experimental glasses did not induce cytotoxic effects. The flexural strength of 3Y-TZP groups showed highest values: 3Y-C(847.45 MPa); 3Y-G (843.22 MPa); 3Y-SL(806.41 MPa); 3Y-SLAg(769.04 MPa); 5Y-G(589.77 MPa); 5Y-SLAg (576.20 MPa); 5Y-C (479.44 MPa); 5Y-SL(474.00 MPa). Diffractograms showed tetragonal and cubic phases for all groups. Higher translucency values were observed for 5Y-PSZ groups, while for Delta E 00 were similar. The SL and SLAg groups exhibited the lowest roughness values (Ra) for both zirconia. The 5Y-SL group exhibited antimicrobial effects against all tested microorganisms, while the 5Y-SLAg group showed antimicrobial effects against E. coli. Fractures originated at the zirconia surface, while for the 5Y-G group at the glaze layer. SEM micrographs revealed flower-shaped crystals for 3Y-SL, 5Y-SL and 5Y-SLAg groups. EDS identified zirconia in the crystal's composition. The 5Y-SL group exhibited a significant antimicrobial effect. This cytocompatible glass (5Y-SL) provided a superior antibiofilm effect compared to 5Y-SLAg. Moreover, the mechanical and optical properties of both 5Y-PSZ and 3Y-TZP zirconia were maintained. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 21/03878-3 - Analysis of mechanical, microbiological behavior and life in fatigue of zirconia abutments with silver glass
• Grantee: Ana Carolina da Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 23/03271-7 - Fatigue life analysis of ultra-translucent zirconia crowns coated by antimicrobial glasses
• Grantee: Ana Carolina da Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate