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(Reference retrieved automatically from Google Scholar through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Positive Selection Results in Frequent Reversible Amino Acid Replacements in the G Protein Gene of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus

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Author(s):
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Botosso, Viviane F. [1] ; Zanotto, Paolo M. de A. [2] ; Ueda, Mirthes [3] ; Arruda, Eurico [4] ; Gilio, Alfredo E. [5] ; Vieira, Sandra E. [5] ; Stewien, Klaus E. [2] ; Peret, Teresa C. T. [6] ; Jamal, Leda F. [7] ; Pardini, Maria I. de M. C. [8] ; Pinho, Joao R. R. [9] ; Massad, Eduardo [10] ; Sant'Anna, Osvaldo A. [1] ; Holmes, Eddie C. [11, 12] ; Durigon, Edison L. [13] ; Consortium, VGDN
Total Authors: 16
Affiliation:
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[1] Butantan Inst, Virol Branch, Sao Paulo - Brazil
[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Microbiol, Inst Biomed Sci, Lab Mol Evolut & Bioinformat, Sao Paulo - Brazil
[3] Adolfo Lutz Inst, Div Med Biol, Sao Paulo - Brazil
[4] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Cell Biol, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo - Brazil
[5] Univ Sao Paulo, Univ Hosp, Div Pediat, Sao Paulo - Brazil
[6] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Div Vir, Atlanta, GA - USA
[7] STD AIDS Reference & Training Ctr, Sao Paulo - Brazil
[8] State Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo - Brazil
[9] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Trop Med, Sao Paulo - Brazil
[10] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Dept Legal Med, Sao Paulo - Brazil
[11] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 - USA
[12] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, Mueller Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 - USA
[13] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Microbiol, Inst Biomed Sci, Lab Clin Virol, Sao Paulo - Brazil
Total Affiliations: 13
Document type: Journal article
Source: PLOS PATHOGENS; v. 5, n. 1, p. e1000254, 2009.
Web of Science Citations: 84
Abstract

Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is the major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children under 5 years of age and the elderly, causing annual disease outbreaks during the fall and winter. Multiple lineages of the HRSVA and HRSVB serotypes co-circulate within a single outbreak and display a strongly temporal pattern of genetic variation, with a replacement of dominant genotypes occurring during consecutive years. In the present study we utilized phylogenetic methods to detect and map sites subject to adaptive evolution in the G protein of HRSVA and HRSVB. A total of 29 and 23 amino acid sites were found to be putatively positively selected in HRSVA and HRSVB, respectively. Several of these sites defined genotypes and lineages within genotypes in both groups, and correlated well with epitopes previously described in group A. Remarkably, 18 of these positively selected tended to revert in time to a previous codon state, producing a "flipflop'' phylogenetic pattern. Such frequent evolutionary reversals in HRSV are indicative of a combination of frequent positive selection, reflecting the changing immune status of the human population, and a limited repertoire of functionally viable amino acids at specific amino acid sites. (AU)