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(Reference retrieved automatically from Web of Science through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Solvent-Resistant Polymeric Sensors for Adulteration Detection in Liquid Fuels

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Author(s):
Garcom, Jr., Adalberto L. [1] ; Fonseca, Fernando J. [1] ; Paterno, Leonardo G. [1, 2]
Total Authors: 3
Affiliation:
[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Politecn, Dept Engn Sistemas Eletron, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo - Brazil
[2] Univ Brasilia, Inst Quim, BR-70904970 Brasilia, DF - Brazil
Total Affiliations: 2
Document type: Journal article
Source: Sensor Letters; v. 10, n. 3-4, p. 866-873, MAR-APR 2012.
Web of Science Citations: 2
Abstract

Polymeric sensors with improved resistance to organic solvents were produced via the layer-by-layer thin film deposition followed by chemical cross-linking. According to UV-vis spectroscopy, the mass loss of polyaniline/poly(vinyl alcohol) and polyaniline/novolac-type resin based films deposited onto glass slides was less than 20% when they were submitted to successive immersions (up to 3,000 immersion cycles) into commercially available ethanol and gasoline fuel samples. Polyallylamine hydrochloride/nickel tetrasulfonated phthalocyanine films presented similar stability. The electrical responses assessed by impedance spectroscopy of films deposited onto Au-interdigitated microelectrodes were relatively unaffected after continuous or cyclic immersions into both fuels. After these studies, an array including these polymeric sensors was employed to detect adulteration in ethanol and gasoline samples. After principal component analysis, it was possible to conclude that the proposed sensor array is capable to discriminate with remarkable reproducibility ethanol samples containing different amounts of water or else gasoline samples containing different amounts of ethanol. In both examples, more than 90% of data variance was retained in the first principal component. For each type of sample, ethanol and gasoline, it was found a linear correlation between one of the principal components and the sample's composition. These findings allow one to conclude that these films present great potential for the development of reliable and low-cost sensors for fuel analysis in liquid phase. (AU)