| Full text | |
| Author(s): |
Coronado, Christian J. R.
[1]
;
Carvalho, Jr., Joao A.
[2]
;
Andrade, Jose C.
[3]
;
Cortez, Ely V.
[3]
;
Carvalho, Felipe S.
[1]
;
Santos, Jose C.
[3]
;
Mendiburu, Andres Z.
[2]
Total Authors: 7
|
| Affiliation: | [1] Fed Univ Itajuba UNIFEI, Mech Engn Inst, BR-37500903 Itajuba, MG - Brazil
[2] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, BR-12516410 Guaratingueta, SP - Brazil
[3] Natl Space Res Inst INPE, Combust & Prop Lab, BR-12630000 Cachoeira Paulista, SP - Brazil
Total Affiliations: 3
|
| Document type: | Review article |
| Source: | JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS; v. 241, p. 32-54, NOV 30 2012. |
| Web of Science Citations: | 25 |
| Abstract | |
The lower and upper flammability limits of a fuel are key tools for predicting fire, assessing the possibility of explosion, and designing protection systems. Knowledge about the risks involved with the explosion of both gaseous and vaporized liquid fuel mixtures with air is very important to guarantee safety in industrial, domestic, and aeronautical applications. Currently, most countries use various standard experimental tests, which lead to different experimental values for these limits. A comprehensive literature review of the flammability limits of combustible mixtures is developed here in order to organize the theoretical and practical knowledge of the subject. The main focus of this paper is the review of the flammability data of ethanol-air mixtures available in the literature. In addition, the description of methodology for experiments to find the upper and lower limits of flammability of ethanol for aeronautical applications is discussed. A heated spherical 20L vessel was used. The mixtures were ignited with electrode rods placed in the center of the vessel, and the spark gap was 6.4 mm. LFL and the UFL were determined for ethanol (hydrated ethanol 96% INPM) as functions of temperature for atmospheric pressure to compare results with data published in the scientific literature. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 09/09738-7 - Flammability limits of biofuels |
| Grantee: | João Andrade de Carvalho Junior |
| Support type: | Regular Research Grants |
| FAPESP's process: | 09/09008-9 - Study of the combustion and flammability limits with biofuels |
| Grantee: | Christian Jeremi Rodriguez Coronado |
| Support type: | Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctorate |