| Full text | |
| Author(s): |
Fredy RS Gutierrez
[1]
;
Tiago WP Mineo
[2]
;
Wander R Pavanelli
[3]
;
Paulo MM Guedes
[4]
;
João S Silva
[5]
Total Authors: 5
|
| Affiliation: | [1] Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia - Brasil
[2] Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia - Brasil
[3] Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia - Brasil
[4] Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia - Brasil
[5] Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia - Brasil
Total Affiliations: 5
|
| Document type: | Journal article |
| Source: | Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz; v. 104, p. 236-245, 2009-07-00. |
| Abstract | |
Trypanosoma cruzi infection triggers substantial production of nitric oxide (NO), which has been shown to have protective and toxic effects on the host's immune system. Sensing of trypomastigotes by phagocytes activates the inducible NO-synthase (NOS2) pathway, which produces NO and is largely responsible for macrophage-mediated killing of T. cruzi. NO is also responsible for modulating virtually all steps of innate and adaptive immunity. However, NO can also cause oxidative stress, which is especially damaging to the host due to increased tissue damage. The cytokines IFN-³ and TNF-±, as well as chemokines, are strong inducers of NOS2 and are produced in large amounts during T. cruzi acute infection. Conversely, TGF-² and IL-10 negatively regulate NO production. Here we discuss the recent evidence describing the mechanisms by which NO is able to exert its antimicrobial and immune regulatory effects, the mechanisms involved in the oxidative stress response during infection and the implications of NO for the development of therapeutic strategies against T. cruzi. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 05/60762-5 - Papel de PD-1 (programmed cell death receptor 1) na infecção experimental por Trypanosoma cruzi |
| Grantee: | Fredy Roberto Salazar Gutierrez |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |
| FAPESP's process: | 07/04896-8 - Participation of IL-17 how molecular marker of clinical forms of Chagas' disease |
| Grantee: | Paulo Marcos da Matta Guedes |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral |
| FAPESP's process: | 07/53940-0 - The regulatory T cells and TH17 in the immune response against infections, tumors and autoimmune diseases |
| Grantee: | João Santana da Silva |
| Support Opportunities: | Research Projects - Thematic Grants |
| FAPESP's process: | 06/06803-4 - The role of Toll like receptors in the imune response towards Neospora caninum |
| Grantee: | Tiago Wilson Patriarca Mineo |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral |