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(Reference retrieved automatically from Web of Science through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Does income inequality get under the skin? A multilevel analysis of depression, anxiety and mental disorders in Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Author(s):
Porto Chiavegatto Filho, Alexandre Dias [1, 2] ; Kawachi, Ichiro [2] ; Wang, Yuan Pang [3] ; Viana, Maria Carmen [3] ; Silveira Guerra Andrade, Laura Helena [3]
Total Authors: 5
Affiliation:
[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Epidemiol, Sch Publ Hlth, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo - Brazil
[2] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Social & Behav Sci, Boston, MA 02115 - USA
[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Psychiat, Sch Med, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo - Brazil
Total Affiliations: 3
Document type: Journal article
Source: JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH; v. 67, n. 11, p. 966-972, NOV 2013.
Web of Science Citations: 19
Abstract

Objective Test the original income inequality theory, by analysing its association with depression, anxiety and any mental disorders. Methods We analysed a sample of 3542 individuals aged 18years and older selected through a stratified, multistage area probability sample of households from the SAo Paulo Metropolitan Area. Mental disorder symptoms were assessed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria. Bayesian multilevel logistic models were performed. Results Living in areas with medium and high-income inequality was statistically associated with increased risk of depression, relative to low-inequality areas (OR 1.76; 95% CI 1.21 to 2.55, and 1.53; 95% CI 1.07 to 2.19, respectively). The same was not true for anxiety (OR 1.25; 95% CI 0.90 to 1.73, and OR 1.07; 95% CI 0.79 to 1.46). In the case of any mental disorder, results were mixed. Conclusions In general, our findings were consistent with the income inequality theory, that is, people living in places with higher income inequality had an overall higher odd of mental disorders, albeit not always statistically significant. The fact that depression, but not anxiety, was statistically significant could indicate a pathway by which inequality influences health. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 12/09717-2 - Income inequality and elderly health: a longitudinal multilevel analysis of a sample of the Municipality of São Paulo.
Grantee:Alexandre Dias Porto Chiavegatto Filho
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
FAPESP's process: 03/00204-3 - Epidemiological study of psychiatric disorders in the São Paulo Metropolitan Region: prevalence, risk factors, and social and economical burden
Grantee:Laura Helena Silveira Guerra de Andrade
Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants