Comparative Cytogenetics of Seven Ctenidae Species (Araneae)

Author(s)

Araujo, Douglas ^[1] ; de Oliveira, Edson Gabriel ^[2] ; Giroti, Andre Marsola ^[3] ; Mattos, Viviane Fagundes ^[2] ; Paula-Neto, Emygdio ^[2] ; Brescovit, Antonio Domingos ^[3] ; Schneider, Marielle Cristina ^[4] ; Cella, Doralice Maria ^[2]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, UFMS, Setor Biol Geral, Ctr Ciencias Biol & Saude, BR-79070900 Campo Grande, MS - Brazil

^[2] Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Inst Biociencias, Dept Biol, BR-13506900 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Inst Butantan, Lab Especial Colecoes Zool, BR-05503900 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[4] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Dept Ciencias Biol, BR-09972270 Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE; v. 31, n. 2, p. 83-88, FEB 2014.
• Web of Science Citations: 5

Abstract

The present study elevates the number of cytogenetically analyzed ctenid species and genera from two to eight and six, respectively, presenting comparisons between chromosomal data obtained and the phylogenetic hypothesis proposed in the literature. Six ctenid species presented 13 autosomal pairs, exhibiting either X(1)X(2)0 (Ctenus ornatus, Ctenus sp., Parabatinga brevipes and Phoneutria nigriventer) or X(1)X(2)X(3)0 sex chromosome systems (Nothroctenus sp. and Viracucha andicola). Asthenoctenus borellii showed 2n male = 20 + X(1)X(2)0. In all species, the chromosomes were telocentric. Some cells of one C. ornatus specimen exhibited one extra chromosome that, considering the behavioral similarities between the two chromosomes, can be considered to be supernumerary, derived from or giving rise to a sex chromosome. Silver impregnation revealed nucleolar organizer regions on one autosomal pair of C. ornatus and P. nigriventer (Cteninae) and two pairs of V. andicola (Acanthocteninae). Chromosomal data suggests that the X(1)X(2)X(3)0 system arose several times in the evolution of entelegyne spiders, and that conversion of an X(1)X(2)0 system into an X(1)X(2)X(3)0 system and vice-versa has been a relatively common event in spiders. All the chromosomal data corroborate the close relationship between Ctenus and Phoneutria, the placement of P. brevipes within Cteninae, the placement of Anahita in a separated branch within Cteninae, and the inclusion of A. borellii in a distinct group within the ctenids (Viridasiinae), all of which are as proposed by phylogenetic hypotheses available in the literature. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 10/14193-7 - Chromosomal evolution of tarantula (Mygalomorphae) and basal haplogyne spiders (Araneomorphae)
• Grantee: Emygdio de Paula Neto
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master