Cross-national epidemiology of DSM-IV major depressive episode

Author(s):Show less -

Bromet, Evelyn ^[1] ; Andrade, Laura Helena ^{[2, 3]} ; Hwang, Irving ^[4] ; Sampson, Nancy A. ^[4] ; Alonso, Jordi ^{[5, 6]} ; de Girolamo, Giovanni ^[7] ; de Graaf, Ron ^[8] ; Demyttenaere, Koen ^[9] ; Hu, Chiyi ^{[10, 11]} ; Iwata, Noboru ^[12] ; Karam, Aimee N. ^{[13, 14]} ; Kaur, Jagdish ^[15] ; Kostyuchenko, Stanislav ^[16] ; Lepine, Jean-Pierre ^[17] ; Levinson, Daphna ^[18] ; Matschinger, Herbert ^[19] ; Medina Mora, Maria Elena ^[20] ; Browne, Mark Oakley ^[21] ; Posada-Villa, Jose ^[22] ; Viana, Maria Carmen ^[23] ; Williams, David R. ^[24] ; Kessler, Ronald C. ^[4]

Affiliation:Show less -

^[1] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychiat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 - USA

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Sau Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Inst Psychiat, Sau Paulo - Brazil

^[4] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, Boston, MA 02115 - USA

^[5] CIBERESP, Barcelona - Spain

^[6] Hosp del Mar Res Inst, Hlth Serv Res Unit, IMIM, Barcelona - Spain

^[7] IRCCS Ctr S Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia - Italy

^[8] Netherlands Inst Mental Hlth & Addict, Utrecht - Netherlands

^[9] Univ Hosp Gasthuisberg, Dept Psychiat, B-3000 Louvain - Belgium

^[10] Shenzhen Inst Mental Hlth, Shenzhen - Peoples R China

^[11] Shenzhen Kangning Hosp, Shenzhen - Peoples R China

^[12] Hiroshima Int Univ, Dept Clin Psychol, Higashihiroshima - Japan

^[13] IDRAAC, Beirut - Lebanon

^[14] Balamand Univ, Sch Med, St George Hosp, Univ Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Clin Psychol, Beirut - Lebanon

^[15] Directorate Gen Hlth Serv, New Delhi - India

^[16] Ukrainian Psychiat Assoc, Kiev - Ukraine

^[17] Univ Paris Diderot & Paris Descartes Paris, Hop Lariboisiere Fernand Widal, Assistance Publ Hop Paris, INSERM, CNRS, UMR 7157, U705, Paris - France

^[18] Minist Hlth, Mental Hlth Serv, Jerusalem - Israel

^[19] Univ Leipzig, Inst Social Med Occupat Hlth & Publ Hlth, Leipzig - Germany

^[20] Natl Inst Psychiat, Mexico City, DF - Mexico

^[21] Univ Tasmania, Dept Hlth & Human Serv New Town, Hobart, Tas - Australia

^[22] Inst Colombiano Sistema Nervioso, Bogota, DC - Colombia

^[23] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Inst Psychiat, Sect Psychiat Epidemiol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[24] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Soc Human Dev & Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 - USA

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: BMC MEDICINE; v. 9, JUL 26 2011.
• Web of Science Citations: 640

Abstract

Background: Major depression is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, yet epidemiologic data are not available for many countries, particularly low- to middle-income countries. In this paper, we present data on the prevalence, impairment and demographic correlates of depression from 18 high and low-to middle-income countries in the World Mental Health Survey Initiative. Methods: Major depressive episodes (MDE) as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DMS-IV) were evaluated in face-to-face interviews using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Data from 18 countries were analyzed in this report (n = 89,037). All countries surveyed representative, population-based samples of adults. Results: The average lifetime and 12-month prevalence estimates of DSM-IV MDE were 14.6% and 5.5% in the ten high-income and 11.1% and 5.9% in the eight low- to middle-income countries. The average age of onset ascertained retrospectively was 25.7 in the high-income and 24.0 in low- to middle-income countries. Functional impairment was associated with recency of MDE. The female: male ratio was about 2: 1. In high-income countries, younger age was associated with higher 12-month prevalence; by contrast, in several low-to middle-income countries, older age was associated with greater likelihood of MDE. The strongest demographic correlate in high-income countries was being separated from a partner, and in low- to middle-income countries, was being divorced or widowed. Conclusions: MDE is a significant public-health concern across all regions of the world and is strongly linked to social conditions. Future research is needed to investigate the combination of demographic risk factors that are most strongly associated with MDE in the specific countries included in the WMH. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 03/00204-3 - Epidemiological study of psychiatric disorders in the São Paulo Metropolitan Region: prevalence, risk factors, and social and economical burden
• Grantee: Laura Helena Silveira Guerra de Andrade
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants