Sampling and modeling Primary Biological Aerosol Particles (PBAPS) at South-Southern Brazil: associated to improvements of climate models

• Grant number: 16/06160-8
• Support Opportunities: Research Program on Global Climate Change - Thematic Grants
• Start date: May 01, 2018
• End date: May 31, 2025
• Field of knowledge: Physical Sciences and Mathematics - Geosciences - Meteorology
• Principal Investigator: Fabio Rodrigues
• Grantee: Fabio Rodrigues
• Host Institution: Instituto de Química (IQ). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo , SP, Brazil
• Pesquisadores principais: Fábio Luiz Teixeira Gonçalves ; Maria Assunção Faus da Silva Dias
• Associated researchers: Ana Carolina Souza Ramos de Carvalho ; Cindy Ellen Morris ; Douglas Galante ; Dulcilena de Matos Castro e Silva ; Fabio Rodrigues ; Federico Carotenuto ; Jorge Alberto Martins ; Solana Meneghel Boschilia ; Tina Santl-Temkiv ; Vaughan Trevor James Phillips
• Associated scholarship(s): 24/18635-7 - Importance of Bioaerosols to Climate Regulation in Brasil, BP.TT; 20/14556-4 - Primary Biological Aerosol Particles (PBAPs): modeling at Southeast and Southern Brazil Cloud Physics processes using WRF, BP.PD; 20/03326-8 - The impact on hail production of aerosol loading and water vapor transported by the low level jet feeding into severe storms in Southern Brazil, BP.PD; + associated scholarships 21/04068-5 - Assistance and training for the collection and analysis of bioaerosol samples., BP.TT; 20/14143-1 - Observational experiments and flow calculations of primary biological aerosol particles (PBAP): cloud interactions, BP.PD; 20/03841-0 - Primary Biological Aerosol Particles (PBAPs): modeling at Southeast and Southern Brazil cloud physics processes using BRAMS, BP.PD; 20/04137-4 - Observational experiments of PBAP-IN at Minas Gerais and Paraná States, BP.DD - associated scholarships

Abstract

Airborne particles, also called particulate matter, can impact directly and indirectly on earth's climate as well as on human and animal health. Aerosol particles range from a few microns down to very small sizes, such as a few tens of Angstroms. These particles can directly absorb or reflect solar radiation within the atmosphere affecting directly the earth's energy balance, a major focus of the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). Another important effect is related to their ability to act as Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CNN) and formation of Ice Nuclei (IN), which trigger cloud drops and ice formation respectively, also indirectly influencing the earth's energy balance, equally important to the IPCC approach. On the other hand, the Primary Biological Aerosol Particles (PBAPs) are airborne solid and insoluble particles derived from living organisms (e.g. bacteria, fungi and pollen). These biological particles have properties that enable them to act as ice nuclei (IN), becoming PBAP-IN, as well as Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) and participate in the radiative forcing. In this research work, we will also explore the status of the current and incomplete global climatology of hail, hail formation, its relation to PBAP-IN to explain the observed behavior for Southern region of Brazil. Remote sensing techniques and downscaling scenarios will be considered in the analysis proposed in this project and methods able to assess the impact of future climate scenarios. Therefore, as a final product, the proposed research is expected to evaluate the knowledge about PBAP-IN and hail phenomena and improve the modern techniques of detection of hailstorms by satellites, including the assessment of any signal of climate change impact. Finally, the project will provide the community with observations of the local and specific conditions of hailstorms occurrence, related to PBAP-IN and, based on these conditions, establish the synoptic or large-scale circulation patterns under which the phenomena occur in the South and Southeast of Brazil and what behavior could be expected to the future.Only recently, chemical, physical and microbiological researches took place individually, in parallel paths, and a closer multidisciplinary approach linking cloud and hail formation and PBAP-IN, which started in the last decade. These interactions lead to a potential increase in the multidisciplinary understanding of physical chemistry of biological particles from the atmosphere. These are issues (such as "How much PBAP-IN contributes to the radiative forcing at Southern Brazil region?") that should be answered partially for this Project and link to other studies where the importance of microorganisms in cloud microphysics and its consequences. Moreover, since global models (GCMs) have a simple representation of cloud formation, any acquisition of the knowledge about clouds and hailstorms are very relevant, such as hail formation rates as a function of cloud-depth, CAPE and aerosol conditions (e.g. PBAP) in global models. The ability to preview climate change is based on GCMs where this improvement can be added. Finally, the PBAP-IN can be introduced to numerical modeling in order to evaluate its impact on cloud formation and rainfall. (AU)

Scientific publications

(6)

(References retrieved automatically from Web of Science and SciELO through information on FAPESP grants and their corresponding numbers as mentioned in the publications by the authors)

DE ARAUJO, GABRIEL GUARANY; RODRIGUES, FABIO; TEIXEIRA GONCALVES, FABIO LUIZ; GALANTE, DOUGLAS. Survival and ice nucleation activity of Pseudomonas syringae strains exposed to simulated high-altitude atmospheric conditions. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, v. 9, MAY 23 2019. (12/18936-0, 16/06160-8)

MENDES EMYGDIO, ANA PAULA; DEGOBBI, CRISTIANE; CAROTENUTO, FEDERICO; CASTRO E SILVA, DULCILENA DE MATOS; QUINTINO, THAYSLA BELUCO; DE SOUZA ZANETTI, RAFAEL HENRIQUE; MANTOANI, MAURICIO C.; BOSCHILIA, SOLANA MENEGHEL; CARVALHO GUERRA, LARA CHAVES; DA SILVA DIAS, PEDRO LEITE; et al. ioaerosol vertical fungal spores profile in Minas Gerais State, Brazi. AEROBIOLOGIA, v. 38, n. 1, p. 85-101, MAR 2022. (16/06160-8, 16/10594-3)

MANTOANI, MAURICIO C.; EMYGDIO, ANA P. M.; DEGOBBI, CRISTIANE; SAPUCCI, CAMILA RIBEIRO; GUERRA, LARA C. C.; DIAS, MARIA A. F. S.; DIAS, PEDRO L. S.; ZANETTI, RAFAEL H. S.; RODRIGUES, FABIO; ARAUJO, GABRIEL G.; et al. Rainfall effects on vertical profiles of airborne fungi over a mixed land-use context at the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, v. 331, p. 8-pg., 2023-02-02. (16/06160-8, 20/14143-1)

VARA-VELA, ANGEL LIDUVINO; CRESPO, NATALIA MACHADO; VENDRASCO, EDER PAULO; BENAVENTE, NOELIA ROJAS; DE MORAIS, MARCOS VINICIUS BUENO; MARTINS, JORGE ALBERTO; PHILLIPS, VAUGHAN TREVOR JAMES; GONCALVES, FABIO LUIZ TEIXEIRA; DIAS, MARIA ASSUNCAO FAUS DA SILVA. Bulk cloud microphysical properties as seen from numerical simulation and remote sensing products: case study of a hailstorm event over the La Plata Basin. JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE EARTH SYSTEMS SCIENCE, v. 74, n. 2, p. 18-pg., 2024-01-01. (16/06160-8)

MANTOANI, MAURICIO C.; MARTINS, JORGE A.; MARTINS, LEILA DROPRINCHINSKI; CAROTENUTO, FEDERICO; SANTL-TEMKIV, TINA; MORRIS, CINDY E.; RODRIGUES, FABIO; GONCALVES, FABIO L. T.. Thirty-Five Years of Aerosol-PBAP in situ Research in Brazil: The Need to Think outside the Amazonian Box. CLIMATE, v. 11, n. 1, p. 13-pg., 2023-01-01. (16/06160-8, 20/14143-1)

POLETTO, BARBARA; SILVA, GABRIEL GONCALVES; DE CARVALHO, ANA CAROLINA SOUZA RAMOS; VINCENZI, ROBERTA ALMEIDA; DE ALMEIDA, EIJI YAMASSAKI; GALANTE, DOUGLAS; BENDIA, AMANDA GONCALVES; RODRIGUES, FABIO. Ultraviolet Resistance of Microorganisms Isolated from Uranium-Rich Minerals from Perus, Brazil. ASTROBIOLOGY, v. 24, n. 8, p. 12-pg., 2024-06-10. (16/06160-8, 16/06114-6, 21/05083-8)