Chemical and toxicological source profiling of particulate matter in urban air - SOPRO

• Grant number: 18/07848-9
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• Start date: September 01, 2018
• End date: August 31, 2022
• Field of knowledge: Physical Sciences and Mathematics - Geosciences - Meteorology
• Agreement: Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT)
• Principal Investigator: Maria de Fátima Andrade
• Grantee: Maria de Fátima Andrade
• Principal researcher abroad: Célia Dos Anjos Alves
• Institution abroad: Universidade de Aveiro (UA), Portugal
• Host Institution: Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas (IAG). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo , SP, Brazil
• Associated researchers: Danilo Custódio Jorge ; Edmilson Dias de Freitas ; Pérola de Castro Vasconcellos ; Regina Maura de Miranda ; Thiago Nogueira
• Associated scholarship(s): 19/01316-8 - URBESP: levels, composition and source APPONTMENT of PM10 and PM2.5 in São Paulo, BP.PD; 18/20840-7 - Emission profiles of vehicle in São Paulo, BP.TT; 18/18065-5 - Evaluation of the particulate matter composition in São Paulo and risk analysis of the exposure, BP.TT

Abstract

Air is a natural resource that is part of local and global ecosystem services. The latest burden estimates reflect the impressive role air pollution, and principally particles lower than 10 and 2.5 um (PM10 or PM2.5), plays in cardiorespiratory illness and premature deaths. Also, air pollution and climate change are closely related. While technological progresses have reduced emissions from motor exhausts, traffic non-exhaust (brake, tyre and pavement wear, and road dust resuspension), together with cooking emissions, have emerged as major, but overlooked, contributors to air pollution in urban areas, posing obvious research and policy challenges. SOPRO aims to: i) provide scientific support on the peculiarities of Portuguese and Brazilian urban areas causing the PM2.5/PM10 target values to be widely surpassed, accurately determine source contributions, and identify those responsible for the exceedances, ii) link physico-chemical properties of emissions to health risks, and iii) propose source-oriented mitigation strategies. SOPRO addresses the urgent need for research on integrated assessment of air quality requested by the Portuguese strategy for air (ENAR2020), fitting 3 RIS3 priority areas and 4 societal challenges related to Climate Action, Health and Wellbeing, and Transports. Recognising the need to further characterise traffic particulate emissions, a concerted strategy will be followed to obtain exhaust and non-exhaust source profiles: i) samples of tyre and brake wear; ii) wear particles from different pavements and tyres generated in a road simulator; ii) exhaust emissions on a chassis dynamometer from diverse vehicle categories representing the South European and Brazilian fleets; iii) measurements in road tunnels; iv) samples from road dust resuspension. Moreover, the fumes from commercial kitchens representing a variety of Latin cuisine styles will be collected. To obtain chemical fingerprints of sources, a vast array of cutting edge analytical techniques will be applied to samples. A toxicological screening of particles in relation to their physico-chemical properties will constitute another breakthrough. Chemical transport models will be applied to forecast primary and secondary pollutants in São Paulo and selected regions in Portugal by incorporating the new emission profiles and updated inventories, and considering different emission and climate change scenarios, and air pollution control policies. SOPRO is a joint initiative of UAVR/CESAM and USP, both with broad experience in atmospheric sciences, but received the support of well-known centres of excellence: ARPA. Lombardia and University of Florence (Italy), IDAEA and CIEMAT (Spain), VTI (Sweden), KIT (Germany) and UERJ (Brazil). Thus, SOPRO will benefit from complementary sampling and analytical capabilities of supporting partners, generating a transcontinental and multidisciplinary project of atmospheric scientists, transport engineers, chemists, toxicologists and modellers. (AU)

Scientific publications

(7)

(References retrieved automatically from Web of Science and SciELO through information on FAPESP grants and their corresponding numbers as mentioned in the publications by the authors)

NOGUEIRA, THIAGO; KUMAR, PRASHANT; NARDOCCI, ADELAIDE; ANDRADE, MARIA DE FATIMA. Public health implications of particulate matter inside bus terminals in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Science of The Total Environment, v. 711, APR 1 2020. (15/50128-9, 18/07848-9, 16/18438-0)

PEREIRA, GUILHERME MARTINS; KAMIGAUTI, LEONARDO YOSHIAKI; NOGUEIRA, THIAGO; GAVIDIA-CALDERON, MARIO EDUARDO; DOS SANTOS, DJACINTO MONTEIRO; EVTYUGINA, MARGARITA; ALVES, CELIA; VASCONCELLOS, PEROLA DE CASTRO; FREITAS, EDMILSON DIAS; ANDRADE, MARIA DE FATIMA. Emission factors for a biofuel impacted fleet in South America's largest metropolitan area*. Environmental Pollution, v. 331, p. 12-pg., 2023-05-31. (18/07848-9, 16/18438-0, 21/03069-8, 19/01316-8)

PEREIRA, GUILHERME MARTINS; NOGUEIRA, THIAGO; KAMIGAUTI, LEONARDO YOSHIAKI; DOS SANTOS, DJACINTO MONTEIRO; NASCIMENTO, EMERSON QUEIROZ MOTA; MARTINS, JOSE VINICIUS; VICENTE, ANA; ARTAXO, PAULO; ALVES, CELIA; VASCONCELLOS, PEROLA DE CASTRO; et al. Particulate matter fingerprints in biofuel impacted tunnels in South America's largest metropolitan area. Science of The Total Environment, v. 856, p. 13-pg., 2023-01-15. (18/07848-9, 16/18438-0)

NOGUEIRA, THIAGO; DOMINUTTI, PAMELA A.; VIEIRA-FILHO, MARCELO; FORNARO, ADALGIZA; ANDRADE, MARIA DE FATIMA. Evaluating Atmospheric Pollutants from Urban Buses under Real-World Conditions: Implications of the Main Public Transport Mode in Sao Paulo, Brazil. ATMOSPHERE, v. 10, n. 3, MAR 1 2019. (16/50470-1, 15/50128-9, 18/07848-9)

NOGUEIRA, THIAGO; KAMIGAUTI, LEONARDO YOSHIAKI; PEREIRA, GUILHERME MARTINS; GAVIDIA-CALDERON, MARIO E.; IBARRA-ESPINOSA, SERGIO; DE OLIVEIRA, GUILHERME LIBRETE; DE MIRANDA, REGINA MAURA; VASCONCELLOS, PEROLA DE CASTRO; DE FREITAS, EDMILSON DIAS; ANDRADE, MARIA DE FATIMA. Evolution of Vehicle Emission Factors in a Megacity Affected by Extensive Biofuel Use: Results of Tunnel Measurements in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Environmental Science & Technology, v. 55, n. 10, p. 6677-6687, MAY 18 2021. (17/17047-0, 19/01316-8, 16/18438-0, 18/07848-9)

BORBON, AGNES; DOMINUTTI, PAMELA; PANOPOULOU, ANASTASIA; GROS, VALERIE; SAUVAGE, STEPHANE; FARHAT, MARIANA; AFIF, CHARBEL; ELGUINDI, NELLIE; FORNARO, ADALGIZA; GRANIER, CLAIRE; et al. Ubiquity of Anthropogenic Terpenoids in Cities Worldwide: Emission Ratios, Emission Quantification and Implications for Urban Atmospheric Chemistry. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, v. 128, n. 7, p. 22-pg., 2023-04-16. (18/07848-9, 17/50278-6, 16/18438-0)

JUSTO, ELIZANNE P. S.; CACERES QUIJANO, MARIA FERNANDA; BERINGUI, KARMEL; VENTURA, LUCIANA BAPTISTA; PEREIRA, GUILHERME MARTINS; VASCONCELLOS, PEROLA DE CASTRO; GIODA, ADRIANA. Assessment of the impact of the bus fleet and transportation infrastructure works on the air quality in Rio de Janeiro (Olympic Games 2016). AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH, v. N/A, p. 21-pg., 2022-11-03. (18/07848-9, 19/01316-8)