Popular diets and risk of mortality and cardiovascular events: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.

• Grant number: 19/02415-0
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• Start date: August 01, 2019
• End date: October 31, 2020
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Nutrition - Dietetics
• Principal Investigator: Regina Paolucci El Dib
• Grantee: Regina Paolucci El Dib
• Host Institution: Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia (ICT). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de São José dos Campos. São José dos Campos , SP, Brazil
• Associated researchers: Bradley Clark Johnston

Abstract

Popular diets are broadly available to the general public, providing structured dietary and lifestyle recommendations via popular books and internet. These programs represent a multibillion dollar industry.Debate regarding the relative merit of the diets is accompanied by advertising claiming which macronutrient composition is superior, such as a low-carbohydrate diet being better than a low-fat diet. Establishing which of the major named diets is most effective is important because cardiovascular patients often want to know which diet results in the most effective to reduce the rates of undesirable outcomes. A systematic review of existing evidence, including risk assessment of bias from randomized controlled trials, as well as checking for evidence is necessary to clarify the following clinical question: "In adults with multiple cardiovascular risk factors, what is the impact of popular diets on the incidence of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and major cardiovascular events?". The research project will be carried out at the Department of Biosciences of Unesp SJC, Brazil, together with the international team that develops reliable recommendations on nutrition - NutriRECS (http://nutrirecs.com), Canada. A systematic review will be carried out, and following databases will be searched: PubMed, CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL and LILACS. The systematic review will be submitted to the JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association (Impact Factor 47.7) - the collaborator of this study has already published similar review in 2014, about popular diets to obese adults (Johnston 2014). (AU)