Kombucha and its interaction between bile acids, gut microbiota composition and intestinal inflammatory state

• Grant number: 19/20464-8
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• Start date: July 01, 2020
• End date: June 30, 2022
• Field of knowledge: Biological Sciences - Physiology - Physiology of Organs and Systems
• Principal Investigator: Carla Roberta de Oliveira Carvalho
• Grantee: Carla Roberta de Oliveira Carvalho
• Host Institution: Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo , SP, Brazil

Abstract

The strategic action plan to tackle chronic diseases highlights diabetes as one of the main diseases that led to the Brazilian economic loss of US $ 4.18 billion between the years 2006 to 2015. Currently, one of the surgical treatments available for obesity is being studied as an option for the treatment of Diabetes due to its post-operative effects in the face of rapid and intense improvement of glycemic parameters regardless of dietary and weight changes. Research groups have attributed this improvement to the greater secretion of GLP-1 by intestinal L cells, being among the main stimuli to this secretion, the intestinal microbiota and the action of bile acids. Other studies have related to the activation of bile acid receptors, such as TGR5 and FXR in the improvement of type 2 Diabetes and in the activation of macrophages. When considering diabetes as a metabolic and autoinflammatory disease and based on studies from our research group, which relate the regulation of the intestinal microbiota manipulated via GLP-1 in the inflammatory improvement in the liver and intestine of obese and diabetic animals, we work with the hypothesis that the beneficial effects attributed to kombucha, a probiotic drink of natural fermentation, are due to the increased secretion of FGF19 by the cells of the ileum epithelium and consequent greater activation of the pathway related to the action of bile salts, triggering anti-inflammatory responses and inflammatory via TLRs expressed in the intestinal epithelium and liver. Therefore, the proposal of the present project will be to evaluate the direct effect of the drink, already used by the population, on glucose and insulin tolerances, the modulation of the intestinal microbiota, the blood concentration of FGF19, expression of TGR5 and FXR receptors and inflammatory pathways in liver and intestine.The initial results confirmed an improvement in glucose tolerance in resistant and obese animals due to a high-fat diet (presented at the end of this proposal). Thus, our proposal shows the foundation and potential to generate publication of a scientific article in an indexed journal. (AU)

Scientific publications

(References retrieved automatically from Web of Science and SciELO through information on FAPESP grants and their corresponding numbers as mentioned in the publications by the authors)

DO MOINHO, TAIS MENEZES; MATOS, SANDRO LEAO; CARVALHO, CARLA R. O.. comprehensive review on phytochemicals for fatty liver: are they potential adjuvants. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM, v. 100, n. 3, JAN 2022. (19/20464-8)