| Grant number: | 20/03818-8 |
| Support Opportunities: | Regular Research Grants |
| Start date: | November 01, 2020 |
| End date: | April 30, 2023 |
| Field of knowledge: | Health Sciences - Dentistry |
| Principal Investigator: | Oslei Paes de Almeida |
| Grantee: | Oslei Paes de Almeida |
| Host Institution: | Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba (FOP). Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Piracicaba , SP, Brazil |
Abstract
Mesenchymal lesions with spindle cell proliferation comprise a diverse group of reactive and neoplastic processes. The pathologist is commonly exposed to this group of diseases and the high microscopic similarity observed between these entities makes the diagnosis a challenge, compromising the treatment of patients. Myofibromas may be associated with myofibromatosis and commonly affect the head and neck region, exhibiting an indolent clinical behavior resembling reactive processes rich in myofibroblasts (RPRM) observed in the gingiva, or alternatively, they may present high clinical aggressiveness, which makes it very difficult to distinguish myofibromas from low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma (LGMS), which has the potential for metastasis and frequent local recurrences. The few studies available are limited to individual case reports or small series that contribute little to obtaining clear clinicopathological criteria that allow a safe diagnosis. Therefore, the objective of this project is to determine the clinical, microscopic, molecular and prognostic characteristics of myofibroblastic lesions that affect the oral cavity and jaw bones. For this, 15 cases of RPRM, 70 cases of myofibromas and 15 cases of LGMS will be recovered, all fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin, diagnosed between 1990 and 2018 at the Piracicaba Dental School (UNICAMP). Clinicopathological and demographic data will be obtained from patients' medical records and correlated with the outcomes of interest (tumor recurrence and patients' death). New histological sections combined with immunohistochemical reactions will allow to confirm the diagnoses and investigate the inflammatory infiltrate profile of each group. Using PCR reactions and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) assay, it will be investigated the occurence of mutations in the COL1A1-PDGFB, USP6 and ALK genes. At the end of this project, we hope to better understand the behavior of these neoplasms and establish a diagnostic criterion that will allow us to accurately distinguish the reactive and neoplastic myofibroblastic lesions studied. (AU)
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