Preparation and Application of Composite Electrodes Based on Graphite and Polymers: miniaturization, screen printed electrodes and flexible sensors

• Grant number: 22/15211-6
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• Start date: October 01, 2023
• End date: September 30, 2025
• Field of knowledge: Physical Sciences and Mathematics - Chemistry - Analytical Chemistry
• Principal Investigator: Éder Tadeu Gomes Cavalheiro
• Grantee: Éder Tadeu Gomes Cavalheiro
• Host Institution: Instituto de Química de São Carlos (IQSC). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Carlos , SP, Brazil
• Associated researchers: Ana Paula Garcia Ferreira ; Carla Cristina Schmitt Cavalheiro ; Rafael Martos Buoro

Abstract

The development of alternative electrodes to mercury assumes significant importance, considering its use in regions of more negative potentials, in which this metal oxidizes, as well as the restrictions regarding its toxicity. Carbon electrodes are a prominent alternative, considering the different forms in which this element appears and its versatility as an electrode material. Recently, both in the specialized literature and in papers presented at relevant conferences, such as the Congress of the International Society of Electrochemistry (ISE), the Symposium Ibero-American on Electrochemistry (SIBAE) and the Symposium Brazilian on Electrochemistry and Electroanalytics (SIBEE), in their latest editions, they make it clear that there is a strong trend in the modification of electrodic surfaces with carbon nanostructures and metallic nanoparticles in the electrochemical sensing of the most diverse analytes of environmental, pharmaceutical and technological interest, in general. In addition, we have a trend towards remote and wearable sensors, which can be prepared with carbon composites, as long as they are flexible. Our group has been dedicated for 20 years to the development of composite electrodes based on graphite and polymers (polyurethane of vegetable origin, silicone rubber and commercial epoxy resins), with remarkable success in several applications, such as in the determination of drugs and metallic ions in different samples. These analytical strategies involve techniques such as cyclic, differential pulse and square wave voltammetry, in addition to amperometric detection in flow. In this proposal, it is intended to continue these works, promoting the modification of the electrode matrices with new carbon nanostructures (acetylen black and carbon black), metallic nanoparticles aiming to improve their sensitivity, in parallel with the development of composite electrodes of reduced dimensions, seeking to present electrode materials in new physical forms and aiming their application in the determination of metallic ions in environmental samples and non-aqueous media (ethanol fuel), drugs in pharmaceutical formulations and biological samples. Another electrode preparation strategy, in the form of electrodes and screen printed on flexible supports, must be carried out and the resulting electrodes, modified or not, will be tested for their applicability in the analytes described above. (AU)

Scientific publications

(7)

(References retrieved automatically from Web of Science and SciELO through information on FAPESP grants and their corresponding numbers as mentioned in the publications by the authors)

DE FREITAS, JONATHA; FERREIRA, ANA PAULA GARCIA; GAGLIERI, CAROLINE; BANNACH, GILBERT; CAVALHEIRO, EDER TADEU GOMES. New insights on the thermal behavior of acetaminophen. JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY, v. N/A, p. 12-pg., 2025-02-21. (22/15211-6, 23/15889-5)

RAFAEL T. ALARCON; GILBERT BANNACH; ÉDER TADEU G. CAVALHEIRO. Greener Epoxidation Reaction of Macaw Palm Oil Using Metal Oxides and Niobium Phosphate as Catalysts. Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, v. 36, n. 1, 2024-05-31. (22/15211-6, 21/02152-9, 21/14879-0)

ALARCON, RAFAEL TURRA; DOS SANTOS, GABRIEL IAGO; GAGLIERI, CAROLINE; DE MOURA, ANIELE; CAVALHEIRO, EDER TADEU GOMES; BANNACH, GILBERT. Lipidic biomass as a renewable chemical building block for polymeric materials. CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS, v. N/A, p. 16-pg., 2024-11-11. (22/15211-6, 23/14645-5, 24/00779-2, 22/03489-0, 21/14879-0)

ALARCON, RAFAEL TURRA; GAGLIERI, CAROLINE; DE FREITAS, JONATHA; BANNACH, GILBERT; CAVALHEIRO, EDER TADEU GOMES. Synthesis and Characterization of Self-Healing Polymers Obtained from Polyphenols and Cyclic Carbonates of Amide Derivative of Macaw Palm Oil. JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT, v. 33, n. 2, p. 12-pg., 2024-12-18. (24/00779-2, 23/15889-5, 22/15211-6, 21/14879-0)

DA SILVA, RAFAEL; ALARCON, RAFAEL TURRA; CAVALHEIRO, EDER TADEU GOMES. Determination of sildenafil in pharmaceutical formulations and synthetic urine using a composite electrode composed of acetylene black modified with silver nanoparticles and vegetable oil-derived polyurethane. JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, v. 979, p. 12-pg., 2025-02-15. (19/22217-8, 22/15211-6, 21/14879-0)

NASCIMENTO, FRANCISCO V. B.; FERREIRA, ANA P. G.; GAGLIERI, CAROLINE; DE MOURA, ANIELE; CAVALHEIRO, EDER T. G.. Degradation pathways of Tadalafil: A thermoanalytical study. Thermochimica Acta, v. 747, p. 13-pg., 2025-05-01. (22/15211-6, 23/14645-5, 24/00779-2)

DA SILVA, RAFAEL; CAVALHEIRO, EDER TADEU GOMES. Preparation, characterization, and evaluation of an acetylene black polyurethane composite electrode modified with copper nanoparticles for the determination of escitalopram. JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, v. 970, p. 11-pg., 2024-08-11. (22/15211-6, 19/22217-8)