Pilot study of the historic center of Amparo as an example of historic centers in São Paulo, and the challenges of preservation: methodology for updating and evaluating and forming an integrated database regionally, nationally and internationally.

• Grant number: 24/05314-8
• Support Opportunities: Special Projects
• Start date: August 01, 2025
• End date: July 31, 2026
• Field of knowledge: Applied Social Sciences - Architecture and Town Planning
• Principal Investigator: Haroldo Gallo
• Grantee: Haroldo Gallo
• Host Institution: Instituto de Artes (IA). Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Campinas , SP, Brazil
• Associated researchers: Chiara Marcantonio ; Federica Maietti ; Giulia Ursino ; Greta Montanari ; Luca Rossato ; Marcello Balzani ; Marcos Tognon ; Mariana de Souza Rolim ; Martina Suppa ; Matheus Franco da Rosa Lopes

Abstract

In the more than five decades of existence of CONDEPHAAT/UPPH/SCEIC of the State of São Paulo, operating to form a network of regional cultural meanings, a repertoire of material cultural artifacts protected, protected and safeguarded by the institute of listing (tombamento) by this preservationist organization, of which the 15 Historic Centers and Urban Complexes of São Paulo Preserved and Under Study are highlighted in this research.In this context, the case of the city of Amparo is exemplary, as a group of more than a dozen listed properties generated "surrounding areas" (áreas envoltórias) that overlapped and, so to speak, "guaranteed" the preservation of that site so significant in the municipalities' architecture. driven by the coffee economy and a consequent urban modernity. The surrounding area, which is a protection for the property in its surroundings, and not protection of its surroundings itself, does not preserve the most latent urban values (pavements, equipment, landscaping, etc.) and thus the listed assets in isolation have suffered with successive urban modernizations , and, in most cases, resulting in true contrasts between the characteristics of these built monuments and the materials and configurations of sidewalks, installations and signage, among others.Among the Historic Centers subject to declaration of regional value by the Condephaat, this research chooses the case of Amparo as exemplary, as it presents the following characteristics, values and cultural attributes that qualify it for preservation, as well as the representativeness it exercises in the group: Vocation tourist; Presence of vernacular construction techniques and industrialization; Delay in inventory registration; Well-defined scale and scope; Various types of listed buildings; Partnership with City Hall and Tourism Council; Varied urban morphologies (squares, squares, terraces, streets, avenues, lanes, alleys, roadsides, sidewalks, slopes); Having been the subject of several studies, monographs and theses already carried out; Have consistent historical and documentary records.The other aspect that reinforces Amparo's case as exemplary is related to the "need to create mechanisms for monitoring its conservation status". According to reports from the Condephaat, between 2018 and 2022, 98 processes requesting intervention on assets in the protected perimeter were analyzed. These analyzes are based on studies carried out in 1986 and 2009, with the latter study not presenting a complete survey of the protected area. Access to information - both for the technical staff and for the owner or user of the property - is essential to guarantee effective preservation. Monitoring the interventions carried out would allow evaluating the impact of specific interventions on maintaining the originality and integrity of the listed thing.Given the large extension of the listed center, the area for applying a methodology was defined by 'in situ' recognition and is located between the square of the Catedral de Nossa Senhora do Amparo and Largo do Rosário with Rua Humberto Bereta between the squares , extending to General Câmara street, including a section of Duque de Caxias and Dr. Oswaldo Cruz streets, always including the sequence of lots and buildings that border the roads, defining their profile. The criterion for this selection was the representativeness and significance of this territory in the urban complex and its prominence and monumentality, in addition to the diversity and representativeness of the elements that compose it.What is intended is THE "PILOT" STUDY OF THE HISTORIC CENTER OF AMPARO AS AN EXAMPLE OF THE HISTORIC CENTERS OF SÃO PAULO THAT ARE LISTED, AND TO FACE THE CHALLENGES OF PRESERVATION. The aim is to form a methodology for updating, evaluating, and forming an integrated database regionally, nationally and internationally, including vulnerability analysis. (AU)